概念隐喻视角下《西厢记》的隐喻研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 14:29

本文选题：隐喻 + 概念隐喻理论　；参考：《贵州师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：从亚里士多德时期以来,隐喻就成为一些思想和研究的重点。亚里士多德认为,隐喻通过把属于别的事物的词给与另一个事物而构成。随后,隐喻从传统观念中的隐喻发展到认知概念中的隐喻。1980年,莱考夫和约翰逊出版《人们赖以生存的隐喻》,该书中他们提出概念隐喻这一概念。现代认知语言学家,莱考夫和约翰逊认为隐喻是两个概念域之间的跨域映射关系:源域和目的域,基于日常经验从“源域”概念跨域映射到“目标域”。隐喻的本质是通过一种事物去认识另一种事物。隐喻作为认知工具,隐喻不但是一种通过语言表达思想的方式,而且是一种思维方式。概念隐喻大致分为三类:结构隐喻,实体隐喻和方位隐喻。结构隐喻指以一种概念的结构来构造另一种概念。实体隐喻包括实体或物质隐喻、容器隐喻和拟人。实体或物质隐喻是去理解抽象的感觉、观念和事件。人们运用实体或物质隐喻时都是基于对实体或物质的经验。实体隐喻最典型的和最具有代表性的是容器隐喻(赵艳芳,2011)。每个人本身就是一个容器,有身体里外。人们将这种概念投射到其他物体。拟人是最明显的实体隐喻。它将人类的特征映射到非人类的事物上。方位隐喻是将方位概念投射到抽象概念上。这种投射建立在人类身体方位和文化经验的基础上(李雪凤,2013)。元朝王实甫所著的《西厢记》是中国文学史上最重要的戏曲之一。它被誉为中国的罗密欧与茱丽叶,但它早于莎士比亚的这一悲剧三百余年。《西厢记》包括散体形式的叙事部分和词体形式的抒情部分,分为五本二十折。第一本写的是书生张珙与前相国之女十九岁的崔莺莺在寺庙相遇。第二本写的是救寺于危难,崔母答应让崔莺莺嫁给张生,但随后便悔婚。第三本写的是张生与崔莺莺互生爱慕之情。第四本第一折描述的是张生与崔莺莺离别。最后一本描写的是大团圆。事实上,本论文搜集了《西厢记》中含有概念隐喻的句子多条。根据莱科夫与约翰逊的概念隐喻理论,这些句子可以分为四类,即方位隐喻、植物隐喻、动物隐喻以及无生命事物隐喻。作者以求研究戏曲《西厢记》中的隐喻现象并希望本文所搜集的《西厢记》中有关概念隐喻的句子,对正在学习中文和中国文化的外国人有所帮助。
[Abstract]:Since Aristotle's time, metaphor has been the focus of some thoughts and studies. Aristotle believes that metaphor is constructed by giving words that belong to something else. In 1980, Lakoff and Johnson published metaphor for people's existence, in which they put forward the concept of conceptual metaphor. Lakoff and Johnson, modern cognitive linguists, believe that metaphor is a cross-domain mapping relationship between two conceptual domains: source domain and target domain, which are mapped from "source domain" to "target domain" based on daily experience. The essence of metaphor is to understand one thing through another. Metaphor as a cognitive tool, metaphor is not only a way to express ideas through language, but also a mode of thinking. Conceptual metaphors are divided into three categories: structural metaphor, substantive metaphor and orientation metaphor. Structural metaphor refers to the structure of one concept to construct another concept. Substantive metaphor includes physical or material metaphor, container metaphor and personification. Physical or material metaphors are to understand abstract feelings, ideas, and events. When people use physical or material metaphor, they are based on the experience of substance or substance. The most typical and representative of substantive metaphor is container metaphor (Anita Zhao 2011). Everyone is a container, inside and outside the body. People project this concept onto other objects. Personification is the most obvious physical metaphor. It maps human characteristics to non-human things. Orientation metaphor is to project the concept of orientation onto abstract concepts. This projection is based on human physical orientation and cultural experience (Li Xuefeng, 2013). The Western Chamber by Wang Shifu in Yuan Dynasty is one of the most important operas in the history of Chinese literature. It is known as Romeo and Juliet in China, but it predates Shakespeare's tragedy for more than 300 years. The first book was written by Zhang Gong, a scholar who met Choi Yingying, 19, a former daughter of Xiangguo, at the temple. The second is the rescue temple in distress, Cui promised to let Cui Yingying marry Zhang Sheng, but then regret marriage. The third is Zhang Sheng and Cui Yingying mutual love. The first chapter of the fourth book describes Zhang Sheng and Cui Yingying parting. The last one is about reunion. In fact, this thesis collects several sentences containing conceptual metaphors in the book of the West Chamber. According to Lykov and Johnson's Conceptual metaphor Theory, these sentences can be divided into four categories: orientation metaphor, plant metaphor, animal metaphor and inanimate thing metaphor. The author tries to study the metaphorical phenomena in the drama "West Chamber" and hopes that the sentences about conceptual metaphors in the "West Chamber" collected in this paper will be helpful to foreigners who are learning Chinese and Chinese culture.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H15

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