现代汉语相互义的表达形式

发布时间：2018-06-28 04:06

本文选题：相互义 + 相互标记　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：相互义具有很强的人类普遍性，世界各种语言都或多或少涉及相互义的表达，不同语言用来表达相互义的形式是不同的。现代汉语表达相互义的形式手段一直广受学者关注，一部分学者注重研究相互标记，一部分学者注重研究相互实词。我们受到《语法调查研究手册》（刘丹青主编）有关“相互关系”调查部分的启发，以表达相互义的句法手段为关注焦点研究此类问题。我们认为汉语表达相互义的形式手段是多样的。根据现代汉语语料以及前人的相关研究，我们总结现代汉语表达相互义的形式手段主要有四种，，分别是：相互标记、相互实词、回环格式、并立结构。相互标记包括“相互、互相、彼此、相、互”，相互标记主要和非相互性实词组合表达相互义。相互实词包括相互动词、相互形容词、相互名词。回环格式则是一种通过名词或者代词回环的固定格式表达相互性语义。并立结构，又称为迂曲法，是表达相互义的一种不太经济的复句形式。这四种方法，前两种属于融合性表达手段，后两种属于并立性表达手段。四种形式各有特点，各有主要表达功能，这应该是它们表达同一种语义而共存的原因之一。本文立足相互义，试图理清四种表达手段的特点与功能。全文共分四个部分，第一部分主要论述相互义的定义、特点等，共分五个小节；第二部分主要研究相互标记，共分四个小节；第三部分主要研究相互实词，共分四个小节；第四部分主要研究回环格式及并立结构，共分两个小节。本文重在总结与研究前人成果，在总结与概括的基础之上，提出一些个人的看法。汉语相互义研究应该立足于语义，从语义出发探寻各种手段表达相互义时的共性与个性。本文研究尚浅，有些论述有待进一步探讨，希望能为其他研究者提供一些有价值的线索和参考。
[Abstract]:Mutual meaning has a strong human universality, the world's various languages are more or less involved in the expression of mutual meaning, different languages used to express the form of mutual meaning is different. The formal means of expressing mutual meanings in modern Chinese have been paid much attention by scholars, some scholars have paid attention to the study of mutual markers, and some scholars have paid attention to the study of mutual notional words. We are inspired by the Manual of Grammar investigation (edited by Liu Danqing), which studies this kind of problems with the focus of syntactic means of expressing mutual meaning. We think that the formal means of expressing mutual meanings in Chinese are various. On the basis of modern Chinese corpus and previous studies, we summarize that there are four kinds of formal means of expressing mutual meaning in modern Chinese, namely: mutual marking, mutual notional words, loop format, and parallel structure. Mutual marking includes "mutual, mutual", and mutual marking mainly and non-reciprocal notional combination to express mutual meanings. Mutual notional words include mutual verbs, adjectives, and nouns. Loop format is a fixed form of nouns or pronouns to express reciprocal semantics. Parallel structure, also known as circuitous method, is an uneconomical complex sentence form to express mutual meaning. The first two belong to fusion means of expression, the latter two belong to concurrent means of expression. Each of the four forms has its own characteristics and main expressive functions, which should be one of the reasons why they express the same semantics and coexist. Based on mutual meaning, this paper tries to clarify the characteristics and functions of the four means of expression. The paper is divided into four parts: the first part mainly discusses the definition and characteristics of mutual meaning, which is divided into five sections; the second part mainly studies the mutual marking, which is divided into four sections; the third part mainly studies the mutual notional words, which is divided into four sections; The fourth part mainly studies the return ring format and parallel structure, which is divided into two sections. On the basis of summarizing and summarizing, this paper puts forward some personal views. The study of Chinese mutual meaning should be based on semantics and explore the commonness and individuality of various means of expressing mutual meaning. This paper is still shallow, some discussions need to be further discussed, hoping to provide some valuable clues and references for other researchers.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】