英汉人称指示语社交表达的对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 01:56

本文选题：人称指示语 + 社交表达功能　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：指示语一直是语用学研究中很重要的一部分内容，而人称指示语研究在该领域中占有更为重要地位，受到研究者越来越多的重视，其研究范围也正在不断拓宽并予以深化。以往的研究中，学术界多将人称指示语的讨论焦点置于语法层面上，探讨人称代词和人称指示语在篇章中的指示作用，探讨第二人称指示语“you”、“你”、“您”的社交语意。当前，国内外学者将其关注点逐渐发展到对人称指示语的语用功能研究领域，将其研究逐渐深入到诸如人称指示语的语用移情研究以及语言哲学层面的研究中。社交指示语在指示语研究当中具有比较特别的意义，这是因为，社交指示语属于指示语中语用功能凸显较为明显的一部分。社交指示语的使用和表达就是用来传递社交和指示这两种信息：一部分人称指示语在语境条件下明显的具有社交功能。可以说社交信息的表达与指示语的关系密不可分，所以在语义学研究中，社交指示语与人称指示语的研究范畴有一定的重合。本文正是从这一出发点来探讨英语和汉语两种语言的人称指示语的社交属性，即在各自语境下，英、汉人称指示语所表达的超出其语法功能的社交语用含义。分别讨论英语和汉语中的三个人称然后再进行对比研究可以更为清晰的找出社交语境中英、汉两种语言的人称指示语使用的相同和差异。通过对英语第一人称指示语的单数形式“I”与复数形式“we”的研究；对英语第二人称指示语“you”的分析；对英语第三人称指示语中“he”、“she”、“it”、“they”以及包含在第三人称指示语系统中的专名和称谓语的探讨，，可以得出不同人称在英语社交语境中的使用特点。通过对汉语第一人称指示语的单数形式“我”、“咱”、“俺”与复数形式“我们”、“咱们”、“俺们”的研究；对汉语第二人称指示语“你”、“您”、“你们”的分析；对汉语第三人称指示语中的“他”、“她”、“它”、“他们”、“她们”、“它们”以及可以表达第三人称概念的汉语专名和称谓语的探讨，可以找出汉语社交语境中人称指示语在社交表达上的功能。在此基础上分别对英语和汉语中这三个人称指示语进行对比，可以清晰的找到英、汉两种语言在社交语境中人称指示语语用功能的相同和差异。英、汉人称指示语的社交表达对比研究首先要明确的就是在不同的社交语境下英、汉各人称指示语之间的相同和差异。在充分讨论这些相同点和差异之后跳出单纯的语言视角从文化与语境两方面寻求形成这些语言现象的深层原因使这一研究具有了新的意义。在语言形成的过程中，文化与语言二者之间的关系是相辅相成的。不同文化之间的差异性影响到语言就形成了语言之间的差异性。反之，语言之间的差异性也会折射出不同文化的差异性。因此，英、汉社交语境的差异直接影响着两种语言的发展变化，而这种差异同样与文化影响息息相关。语言、文化、社交语境三者之间关系密切，从这些方面探讨英、汉人称指示语的发展变化可以从中发掘形成这种相似性与差异性的深层原因。目前，中外学者对于英、汉人称指示语的社交语用对比研究尚不完善，尤其是对形成这种差异性的原因探讨得还远远不够。学术界目前的大部分研究仅仅关注了英、汉两种语言对于人称指示语在社交语境下使用的异同而并没有进一步深入探讨形成这种异同的原因。通过大量的语境背景下的实际语料来分析英、汉两种语言如何运用人称指示语表达社交信息是这一研究的基本途径。在语料分析过程中，分别从英、汉两种语言的第一人称指示语、第二人称指示语和第三人称指示语这三个部分入手，通过综合分析两种语言的人称指示语体现在各自社交表达上的应用特征并采用对比的方法，找出二者之间的相同与差异。在通过对比的基础上，进一步探讨英、汉两种语言在人称指示语的社交表达层面上之所以体现出各自不同语言现象的原因。因而，从英、汉两种语言在发展变化的历史过程中所产生的差异为研究视角，将英、汉两种文化对各自语言的影响以及不同的社交语境对人称指示语的实际应用作为研究重点，找出如何在实际交流过程中正确使用人称指示语的途径，对于促进英、汉两种不同文化和语言之间的沟通与交际具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。
[Abstract]:Deixis has always been a very important part of pragmatics research, and personal deixis research occupies a more important position in this field. More and more attention has been paid to the researchers, and the scope of its research is being widened and deepened. In previous studies, the academic circles put the focus of personal deixis on the grammatical level. This paper discusses the role of personal pronouns and personal deixis in the text, and explores the social meaning of the second person deixis "you", "you" and "you". At present, scholars at home and abroad have gradually developed their concerns to the research field of the pragmatic function of personal deixis, and gradually put their research into the pragmatic shift of personal deixis. The study of love and the study of the philosophy of language.
Social deixis is of special significance in the study of deixis because social deixis belongs to a more obvious part of the pragmatic function of deixis. The use and expression of social deixis are used to communicate and indicate the two kinds of information: a part of personal deixis in contextual conditions. Social function. It can be said that the expression of social information is inseparable from the relation of deixis. So in the study of semantics, there is a coincidence of the research category of social deixis and personal deixis. This article is the starting point to explore the social attributes of the personal deniation of two languages in English and Chinese, that is, in their respective contexts, English, The social pragmatics meaning of Chinese personal deixis is beyond its grammatical function.
The study of three people in English and Chinese and then on a comparative study can find out more clearly the same and difference in the use of personal deixis in English and Chinese two languages in social context. The study of "I" and plural form "we" in the singular form of the first person deixis in English; and the second person deixis in English. The analysis of "you"; the study of "he", "she", "it", "they" and "they" in the English language deixis, and the special names and appellations contained in the third person deixis system, can draw the characteristics of the use of different person in the English social context. "I" and the plural form of "we", "we", "we" research, the analysis of the Chinese second person deixis "you", "you", "you", the Chinese third person deixis in the "he", "she", "it", "they", "she", "they" and the Chinese can express the concept of the third person. The study of special names and appellations can find out the functions of personal deixis in the social context of Chinese. On the basis of the comparison of the three deixis in English and Chinese, we can clearly find the similarities and differences between the two languages of English and Chinese in the social context.
The comparative study of the social expression of the Chinese and Chinese deixis is first to be clear about the similarities and differences between the English and Chinese deixis in different social contexts. After the full discussion of these similarities and differences, the deep reasons for the formation of these linguistic phenomena from two aspects of culture and context are sought from the simple linguistic perspective. This study has a new meaning. In the process of language formation, the relationship between culture and language two is complementary. The difference between different cultures affects the difference between languages. On the other hand, the difference between languages also reflects the differences of different cultures. Therefore, the social context of English and Chinese is the same. The difference directly affects the development and change of the two languages, and the difference is also closely related to the cultural influence. The relationship between the three languages, cultures and social contexts is closely related. From these aspects, the development and changes of the Chinese people's deixis can be explored to explore the deep reasons for the formation of this similarity and difference.
At present, the Chinese and foreign scholars' contrastive study of the English and Chinese deixis is not perfect, especially for the reasons for the formation of this difference. Most of the current studies in the academic circle have only paid attention to the similarities and differences between the two languages of the Chinese and the Chinese for the use of personal deixis in social context. The reasons for the formation of the similarities and differences are discussed.
The analysis of how the two languages use personal deixis to express social information through a large number of contextual contexts is the basic approach to this study. In the process of corpus analysis, the first person deixis, the second person deixis and the third person deixis are the three parts of the English and Chinese languages, respectively. A comprehensive analysis of the application characteristics of personal deixis in two languages in their respective social expressions and using a contrastive method to find out the similarities and differences between the two. On the basis of comparison, it is further explored that the two languages of English and Chinese reflect the different linguistic phenomena in the social expression level of personal deixis. As a result, the difference between the two languages of English and Chinese in the historical process of development and change is the research perspective. The study focuses on the impact of the two cultures of English and Chinese on their language and the practical application of different social contexts to personal deixis. The approach has important theoretical and practical significance in promoting the communication and communication between the two cultures and languages in Britain and Han.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313;H136

【参考文献】