非汉字文化圈留学生汉字书写偏误研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 18:43

本文选题：对外汉语 + 书写偏误　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文借助HSK动态作文语料库中的书写材料,对非汉字文化圈留学生的书写偏误进行归类,发现其在汉字书写中主要偏误有：笔画偏误、部件偏误,整字偏误。其中,笔画偏误包括：笔画的增加与减少,笔画的大小和书写错误；部件偏误包括：部件的减损,部件的混用以及部件分离造成的偏误；整字的字形相似偏误和字音相似偏误。本文又进一步对学生出现偏误的原因进行了分析,认为造成偏误的主要原因有：学习者的母语与汉语差异较大,容易受母语负迁移的影响；汉字字形繁多,学生书写困难和对间架结构把握不准；留学生对书写汉字表现被动,学习策略以机械记忆为主,效率不高；教师对汉字强调不足,教学方法单一。在此基础上,本文探讨了相应的教学策略：重视汉字理据性,帮助学生树立汉字观；循序渐进、系统讲授,有重点地进行汉字教学；引导学生正确识记汉字,激发学生兴趣。希望能给对外汉字教学提供一些教学建议,帮助留学生提高汉字书写能力。
[Abstract]:With the help of the writing materials in the HSK dynamic composition corpus, this paper classifies the writing errors of foreign students in the non-Chinese cultural circle, and finds that the main errors in the writing of Chinese characters are: stroke errors, component errors, and whole character errors. The stroke error includes: the increase and decrease of the stroke, the size of the stroke and the writing error; the component error includes the loss of the component, the error caused by the mixed use of the part and the separation of the part; the font similar error of the whole word and the similar error of the tone. This paper further analyzes the causes of students' errors, and points out that the main causes of errors are: the learners' mother tongue is different from Chinese, it is easy to be influenced by the negative transfer of their mother tongue, and the Chinese characters are various in shape. Students have difficulty in writing and are not sure about the frame structure; the students are passive in writing Chinese characters, learning strategies are mainly mechanical memory, and the efficiency is not high; the teachers emphasize Chinese characters insufficiently and the teaching method is single. On this basis, this paper discusses the corresponding teaching strategies: pay attention to the motivation of Chinese characters, help students to establish the concept of Chinese characters; step by step, systematic teaching, focus on the teaching of Chinese characters; guide students to correctly memorize Chinese characters, stimulate students' interest. It is hoped that some teaching suggestions can be provided for the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries, so as to help foreign students improve their writing ability of Chinese characters.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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