“行了”的多角度研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 04:59

本文选题：“行了” + 语气词　；参考：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：“行了”既是一个短语，又是一个义项比较丰富的词。但是对它的研究还比较少。论文用描写与解释、演绎与归纳、形式与意义等方法从共时与历时两个方面对“行了”进行比较全面的研究。首先，我们将“行了”分为“行了1”（包括“行动+了”与“行形+了”）、“行了2”（语气词）与“行了3”（包括应答语与话语标记）三种用法，然后利用句法、语义与功能三个类似三个平面的结构对“行了”进行共时平面的分析。我们认为“行了”可以作独立成分、独立语和谓语.并且分析了“行了”的变异形式：“行了行了”与“行啦”及其重叠形式“行啦行啦”。变异形式在意义与功能上并没有太多变化，但是语气的轻重缓急会有不同。其次，“行了”包括“肯认型”、“否认型”与“过渡型”三种语义类型。同时还分析了三种语用意义，即“肯定义否定用”、“真性埋怨与假性埋怨”与“埋怨型的交际意义”。另外，三种“行了”还分布在行、知、言三域，表达不同的语义。再次，我们探讨了“行了”的语篇功能（包括话语组织功能与言语行为功能）和人际功能。人际功能又包括传信表义、焦点表述、主观评价与中止行为四种功能。最后，论文主要探讨了语气词“行了2”与独用形式“行了3”的来源。我们认为“行了”最基本形式是“行了11”（行动+了），然后引申出形容词“行”，形成格式“行了12”（行形+了）。“行了1”位于句尾，前面还有其他谓语时，，就渐渐固化成为语气词“行了2”；当它处于句头并且独立使用时，就形成了应答语“行了31”。当“行了31”的应答义减弱，不耐烦甚至埋怨的意义增强并且固化的时候就形成了话语标记“行了32”。在“行了”的词汇化与语法化过程中还伴随着主观化，即从“行了1”到“行了3”主观性逐渐增强。语体对“行了”的用法与演化也有很大影响。
[Abstract]:It is not only a phrase, but also a word with rich meanings. But there is little research on it. In this paper, description and explanation, deduction and induction, form and meaning are used to make a more comprehensive study on "Xing Xing" from two aspects: synchronic and diachronic. First, we divide "line" into "line 1" (including "action" and "line shape"), "line 2" (mood word) and "line 3" (including responders and discourse markers), and then use syntax. Semantic and functional structures are similar to three planes. We think that the word "does" can be used as independent components, independent words and predicates. And analyzed the variant form of "did": "OK" and "OK" and its overlapping form "OK". The form of variation does not change much in meaning and function, but the priorities of tone are different. Secondly, there are three kinds of semantic types: "willing recognition", "denial" and "transition". At the same time, it analyzes three kinds of pragmatic meanings, that is, "positive meaning and negative use", "truth complaint and false complaint" and "complaint type communication meaning". In addition, three kinds of "did" are also distributed in line, knowledge, three fields of speech, expressing different semantics. Thirdly, we discuss the discourse function (including discourse organization function and speech act function) and interpersonal function. Interpersonal function includes four kinds of functions: message expression, focus expression, subjective evaluation and discontinuance. Finally, the paper mainly discusses the source of the modal word "line 2" and the only form of "line 3". We think that the most basic form is "line 11" (action), and then extend the adjective "line", forming a format of "line 12" (line shape). "line 1" at the end of the sentence, followed by other predicates, gradually solidifies into the modal word "line 2"; when it is at the beginning of the sentence and is used independently, the response word "line 31" is formed. When the response meaning of "line 31" weakens, the meaning of impatience and even resentment increases and solidifies, a discourse marker "line 32" is formed. In the process of lexicalization and grammaticalization, the subjectivity gradually increases from "line 1" to "line 3". Stylistic style also has great influence on the usage and evolution of "Xing Li".
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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