汉语谚语的语义研究
发布时间：2018-07-18 14:56
【摘要】：汉语谚语是现代汉语熟语系统中重要而特殊的一员,是汉民族语言和文化的精华。本文以《现代汉语谚语规范词典》中的谚语为研究对象,着重分析了谚语的语义分类、语义特点以及其语义的认知理解机制。根据意义双层说,我们将汉语谚语分为两大类：组合类谚语和隐喻转喻类谚语。组合类谚语,即通过谚语的字面组成成分可以直接推断出其整体意义的谚语,换言之,其字面意义与规约意义一致。隐喻转喻类谚语,即通过谚语的字面意义无法正确或全面理解其整体意义的谚语,需要我们借助一定的规约常识加以理解,简言之,即其字面意义与规约意义不一致。我们对这两类谚语进行了细致的下位分类。其中,组合类谚语根据谚语的语义来源,分为源于身体经验的组合类谚语和源于社会经验的组合类谚语。隐喻转喻类谚语分为整体映射类谚语和部分映射类谚语,前者主要指整体隐喻类谚语；后者包括部分隐喻类谚语、部分转喻类谚语和半隐喻半转喻类谚语。在对谚语进行语义分类的基础上,我们又总结了各类谚语的语义特点。一般说来,组合类谚语语义透明度和熟悉度较高,口语性较强；隐喻转喻类谚语的语义特点是兼具隐喻性和具象性,语义透明度整体偏低。同时,不同类型的谚语所具有的语义理据性也是不同的。最后,我们对谚语语义的认知理解机制进行了考察。我们认为解读谚语的动态意义建构过程需要借助多种认知理论：隐喻转喻、意象图式、复合场景模式和概念整合理论。其中,最主要的是借助概念整合网络的四种类型进行分析,我们应用这一理论并结合《规范》中的谚语个案以图式的方式揭示了谚语的动态意义建构过程。
[Abstract]:Chinese proverbs are an important and special member of the modern Chinese idiom system. It is the essence of the language and culture of the Chinese people. This article takes the proverbs in the modern Chinese proverb standard dictionary as the research object, and focuses on the analysis of the semantic classification of the proverbs, the semantic features and the cognitive mechanism of its semantic meaning. The language is divided into two categories: combinatorial proverbs and metonymy proverbs. The combination proverb is a proverb which can be directly inferred from the literal composition of the proverb, in other words, its literal meaning is the same as the meaning of the statute. Metaphorical proverbs can not be correctly or fully understood through the literal meaning of the proverbs. The proverbs of righteousness need to be understood with the help of certain statute common sense. In short, the literal meaning is not consistent with the meaning of the statute. We have made a detailed lower classification of the two types of proverbs. In this, the combination proverbs are divided into the combination proverbs derived from the physical Proverbs and the combination classes derived from the social experience according to the semantic source of the proverbs. Metaphorical proverbs are divided into overall mapping proverbs and partial mapping proverbs, the former mainly refers to the overall metaphor proverbs, the latter includes some metaphorical proverbs, some metonymy proverbs and semi metaphorical metonymy proverbs. On the basis of the semantic classification of proverbs, we also summarize the semantic characteristics of various proverbs. The semantic features of the metonymy proverbs are metaphorical and representational, and the semantic transparency is low. At the same time, the semantic motivation of different types of proverbs is also different. We believe that the interpretation of the dynamic meaning construction process of proverbs requires a variety of cognitive theories: metaphorical metonymy, image schema, compound scene pattern and conceptual integration theory. Among them, the most important is the analysis of four types of conceptual integration networks. We apply this theory and combine the proverbs in the standard. This way reveals the dynamic meaning construction process of proverbs.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H136.3
本文编号：2132258
[Abstract]:Chinese proverbs are an important and special member of the modern Chinese idiom system. It is the essence of the language and culture of the Chinese people. This article takes the proverbs in the modern Chinese proverb standard dictionary as the research object, and focuses on the analysis of the semantic classification of the proverbs, the semantic features and the cognitive mechanism of its semantic meaning. The language is divided into two categories: combinatorial proverbs and metonymy proverbs. The combination proverb is a proverb which can be directly inferred from the literal composition of the proverb, in other words, its literal meaning is the same as the meaning of the statute. Metaphorical proverbs can not be correctly or fully understood through the literal meaning of the proverbs. The proverbs of righteousness need to be understood with the help of certain statute common sense. In short, the literal meaning is not consistent with the meaning of the statute. We have made a detailed lower classification of the two types of proverbs. In this, the combination proverbs are divided into the combination proverbs derived from the physical Proverbs and the combination classes derived from the social experience according to the semantic source of the proverbs. Metaphorical proverbs are divided into overall mapping proverbs and partial mapping proverbs, the former mainly refers to the overall metaphor proverbs, the latter includes some metaphorical proverbs, some metonymy proverbs and semi metaphorical metonymy proverbs. On the basis of the semantic classification of proverbs, we also summarize the semantic characteristics of various proverbs. The semantic features of the metonymy proverbs are metaphorical and representational, and the semantic transparency is low. At the same time, the semantic motivation of different types of proverbs is also different. We believe that the interpretation of the dynamic meaning construction process of proverbs requires a variety of cognitive theories: metaphorical metonymy, image schema, compound scene pattern and conceptual integration theory. Among them, the most important is the analysis of four types of conceptual integration networks. We apply this theory and combine the proverbs in the standard. This way reveals the dynamic meaning construction process of proverbs.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H136.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 汪少华;;谚语·架构·认知[J];外语与外语教学;2008年06期
，本文编号：2132258
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