汉英大学简介的语篇体裁对比研究
发布时间：2018-07-21 11:34
【摘要】：我国的对外汉语教学事业经过半个多世纪的发展，迎来了向汉语国际推广事业的转型。在整个发展过程中，从对来华留学生进行对外汉语教学到走出国门与国外教育机构合作开办孔子学院和孔子课堂，我国高校在其中一直扮演者重要的角色。可以说，我国的汉语国际推广是高等教育国际化的重要组成部分。在当前留学生教育市场乃至整个国际教育市场的激烈竞争中，高校的对外宣传显得至关重要。学校简介就是起到对外宣传作用的一种语篇。我国大学的官方网站针对不同读者提供了不同语言的学校简介，其中，中英文简介最为普遍，但是绝大多数的英文简介是直接由汉语语篇为源文本逐字逐句翻译而成，汉语学校简介的语篇宏观结构和词汇语法特征都被保留了下来，因此，汉语大学简介与英语中同一类型语篇的相似程度决定了我国高校的这些英文简介能否达到良好的对外宣传目的，为汉语国际推广助力。为此我们对我国高校的汉语学校简介与英语国家的学校简介进行了体裁分析，采用ESP学派的语步/步骤分析法，总结出了其各自的体裁结构模式，并对其进行了比较，得出了二者在语篇宏观结构及词汇语法特征上的异同。研究结果表明，二者同属一种体裁，因此在语篇的宏观结构上具有很大的相似性，但是由于语言文化的差异，二者的差异性也较为明显，在语步结构上，，汉语的大学简介包含了“介绍历史传承”和“展示学校对外交流成果”，而这两个语步没有出现在英语国家大学简介语篇中。两种语篇中相似的语步在实现手段上也不尽相同。汉语大学简介中的“描述学校现状”和“介绍学校各项成绩”这两个语步主要是通过列举学校的学科范围和级别，科研设施和团队级别，教师的各项级别和荣誉来实现的，而在英语国家的学校简介中，和其对应的语步则是通过列举学校提供的各种教育项目及服务来实现的。两种语篇在词汇语法上也显示出较大的差异性，汉语大学简介句子长且句式复杂，含有较多的我国教育领域的专业术语和带有政治色彩的词语，而英语国家的大学简介则较为简短，句式简单，基本不包括专业术语和政治词语。 本文还探讨了学校简介语篇的翻译对于汉语国际推广的重要性，结合体裁分析对比的结果，提出了我国高校网站上学校简介的翻译和撰写策略，最后还提到了将本研究结果运用于对外汉语教学的可能性。
[Abstract]:After more than half a century's development, China's teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has ushered in the transformation to the international promotion of Chinese. In the whole process of development, colleges and universities in China have played an important role in the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language to overseas students to cooperate with foreign educational institutions to set up Confucius Institutes and Confucius classrooms. It can be said that the international promotion of Chinese is an important part of the internationalization of higher education. In the fierce competition of foreign students' education market and the whole international education market, the propaganda of colleges and universities is very important. A brief introduction to school is a kind of text which plays an important role in publicity. The official website of Chinese universities provides different language profiles for different readers, of which Chinese and English are the most common, but the vast majority of English profiles are directly translated from Chinese text to source text word for word. The macro structure and lexical and grammatical features of Chinese school profiles have been preserved. The similarity between the introduction of Chinese University and the same type of discourse in English determines whether these English profiles of Chinese universities can achieve a good purpose of publicity and help to promote Chinese internationally. For this reason, we have made a genre analysis of Chinese school profiles in Chinese universities in China and those in English-speaking countries. We have summed up their respective genre structure models by using the step / step analysis of ESP school, and compared them with each other. The similarities and differences between them in the macro structure and lexical and grammatical features of the two texts are obtained. The results show that both of them belong to the same genre, so they have great similarities in the macroscopic structure of the discourse. However, due to the differences of language and culture, the differences between them are also obvious, and the differences are also obvious in the structure of language step. The introduction to Chinese universities includes "introduction of History" and "presentation of the School's Foreign Exchange achievements", which are not found in English speaking countries. The similar steps in the two texts are also different in the means of realization. The two steps of "describing the present situation of the school" and "introducing the achievements of the school" in the brief introduction of Chinese University are mainly realized by enumerating the scope and level of the subject, the level of scientific research facilities and team, and the rank and honor of the teacher. In English-speaking school profiles, the corresponding steps are made by enumerating the various educational programs and services provided by the schools. The two texts also show great differences in lexical grammar. The brief sentences in Chinese University are long and complex, and they contain more professional terms and political terms in the field of education in China. In English-speaking countries, university profiles are short, simple sentences and do not include technical terms and political terms. This paper also discusses the importance of the translation of school brief texts to the international promotion of Chinese, and puts forward the translation and writing strategies of the school profiles on the websites of colleges and universities in China, combining with the results of genre analysis and comparison. Finally, the possibility of applying the results of this study to teaching Chinese as a foreign language is also mentioned.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2135393
[Abstract]:After more than half a century's development, China's teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has ushered in the transformation to the international promotion of Chinese. In the whole process of development, colleges and universities in China have played an important role in the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language to overseas students to cooperate with foreign educational institutions to set up Confucius Institutes and Confucius classrooms. It can be said that the international promotion of Chinese is an important part of the internationalization of higher education. In the fierce competition of foreign students' education market and the whole international education market, the propaganda of colleges and universities is very important. A brief introduction to school is a kind of text which plays an important role in publicity. The official website of Chinese universities provides different language profiles for different readers, of which Chinese and English are the most common, but the vast majority of English profiles are directly translated from Chinese text to source text word for word. The macro structure and lexical and grammatical features of Chinese school profiles have been preserved. The similarity between the introduction of Chinese University and the same type of discourse in English determines whether these English profiles of Chinese universities can achieve a good purpose of publicity and help to promote Chinese internationally. For this reason, we have made a genre analysis of Chinese school profiles in Chinese universities in China and those in English-speaking countries. We have summed up their respective genre structure models by using the step / step analysis of ESP school, and compared them with each other. The similarities and differences between them in the macro structure and lexical and grammatical features of the two texts are obtained. The results show that both of them belong to the same genre, so they have great similarities in the macroscopic structure of the discourse. However, due to the differences of language and culture, the differences between them are also obvious, and the differences are also obvious in the structure of language step. The introduction to Chinese universities includes "introduction of History" and "presentation of the School's Foreign Exchange achievements", which are not found in English speaking countries. The similar steps in the two texts are also different in the means of realization. The two steps of "describing the present situation of the school" and "introducing the achievements of the school" in the brief introduction of Chinese University are mainly realized by enumerating the scope and level of the subject, the level of scientific research facilities and team, and the rank and honor of the teacher. In English-speaking school profiles, the corresponding steps are made by enumerating the various educational programs and services provided by the schools. The two texts also show great differences in lexical grammar. The brief sentences in Chinese University are long and complex, and they contain more professional terms and political terms in the field of education in China. In English-speaking countries, university profiles are short, simple sentences and do not include technical terms and political terms. This paper also discusses the importance of the translation of school brief texts to the international promotion of Chinese, and puts forward the translation and writing strategies of the school profiles on the websites of colleges and universities in China, combining with the results of genre analysis and comparison. Finally, the possibility of applying the results of this study to teaching Chinese as a foreign language is also mentioned.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195
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