汉法致使移动构式对比研究
发布时间：2018-07-24 14:48
【摘要】：致使移动构式不仅是一个语义概念,也是生活中的基本经验。它不仅丰富了语言表达形式,而且加强了表达效果。前人对致使移动构式研究已经深入解析了语义及句法等特征,但是仍有一定的研究空间。本文在已有的研究基础上以构式语法为指导,对比汉法致使移动构式的相似性及差异性及其原因。 致使移动的基本语义为：施事者(agent)作用于受事者(patient),通过力的传递而致使受事者发生位置的改变,此改变会遵循致使力所指定的路径来移动。从认知语言学角度出发,句法形成过程按照：事件结构→概念结构→语义结构→句法结构,本文所研究的致使移动构式也不例外。致使移动的事件结构表现在生活中的一种场景,即存在一个施事者,它引发了力的传递从而作用于受事者,从而导致受事者发生位移改变。当人们感觉到了事件结构后就会在头脑中形成这种移动的概念结构。出于表达的需要,人们进一步将其转化为致使移动的语义结构,其中心语义是“作用力导致受事者移动”,其扩展的语义包含“蕴涵致使”、“能够致使”、“帮助致使”和“阻止致使”。本文从语义限制的角度,对比汉法致使移动构式的主要成分：施事者、受事者、作用力和结果。由于共同的认知,汉法致使移动在以上三方面大致相似,但二者的相异之处在于它们的句法形式。法语的致使移动构式形式比较单一,表现为：‘"[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLPP]]";汉语的相应的形式稍微复杂些表现为："[SUBJ [OBJBaNP V OBLDP]]",另外一种表达形式与法语相近："[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLDP]]"。在汉语中,人们根据不同的需要来选择恰当的表达。除此之外,汉法致使移动构式在认知决定和移动路径的表述上也有较大的差异,本文在构式理论指导下分析两者的差异及原因。 本文认为致使移动结构作为人类的基本活动经验,存在于汉法两种语言之中。由于共同的认知特点,所以两者在事件结构、概念结构和语义结构上的差别不是很大。但是鉴于生存环境和历史的发展过程不同,语言系统在形成中表现出很大的差异,从而表现为句法形式上的差异性。本文拟在解读汉法致使移动构式的语义句法特征并分析其共性和差异。
[Abstract]:Moving structure is not only a semantic concept, but also a basic experience in life. It not only enriches the form of language expression, but also strengthens the effect of expression. The predecessors have deeply analyzed the semantic and syntactic features, but still have some research space on the research of causative structure, but this paper is based on the existing research. Grammar is the guide to compare the similarities and differences between the Chinese and French induced mobile constructions.
The basic semantic meaning of the cause of movement is that the agent acts on the recipient (patient) to change the position of the recipient through the transfer of force, and this change will follow the path specified by the causative force. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the process of syntactic formation is based on event structure, conceptual structure, semantic structure, syntax. Structure, the causative structure of this article is no exception. The event structure of the mobile is represented in a scene in life, the existence of a performer, which triggers the transfer of force to the victim, which leads to the displacements of the victims. The semantic structure of the movement is further translated into the semantic structure of the cause of movement. The central meaning of the semantic structure is that the "force leads to the movement of the victims". The semantic meaning of the extension includes "implication causation", "can cause", "help cause" and "prevent cause". From the angle of semantic restriction, this article contrasts Han. The law leads to the main components of the movement structure: the donors, the recipients, the forces and the results. Because of the common cognition, the Han law makes the movement roughly similar in the three aspects, but the differences of the two are in their syntactic forms. The French causative structure form is relatively simple, "[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLPP]]"; the corresponding Chinese The form is slightly more complex: "[SUBJ [OBJBaNP V OBLDP]]", and the other form of expression is similar to French: "[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLDP]]". In Chinese, people choose appropriate expressions according to different needs. In addition, the Chinese law makes a larger difference in the expression of the mobile structure in the representation of cognitive decision and the movement path. Under the guidance of constructional theory, the differences and reasons are analyzed.
This paper argues that the mobile structure is a basic human activity experience and exists in the two languages of the Han Dynasty. Because of the common cognitive characteristics, the difference between the two is not very big in the event structure, the conceptual structure and the semantic structure. However, in view of the different development process of the living environment and history, the language system shows very much in its formation. The difference between them is manifested as syntactic differences. In this paper, we will interpret the semantic syntactic features and analyze their similarities and differences.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H32
本文编号：2141718
[Abstract]:Moving structure is not only a semantic concept, but also a basic experience in life. It not only enriches the form of language expression, but also strengthens the effect of expression. The predecessors have deeply analyzed the semantic and syntactic features, but still have some research space on the research of causative structure, but this paper is based on the existing research. Grammar is the guide to compare the similarities and differences between the Chinese and French induced mobile constructions.
The basic semantic meaning of the cause of movement is that the agent acts on the recipient (patient) to change the position of the recipient through the transfer of force, and this change will follow the path specified by the causative force. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the process of syntactic formation is based on event structure, conceptual structure, semantic structure, syntax. Structure, the causative structure of this article is no exception. The event structure of the mobile is represented in a scene in life, the existence of a performer, which triggers the transfer of force to the victim, which leads to the displacements of the victims. The semantic structure of the movement is further translated into the semantic structure of the cause of movement. The central meaning of the semantic structure is that the "force leads to the movement of the victims". The semantic meaning of the extension includes "implication causation", "can cause", "help cause" and "prevent cause". From the angle of semantic restriction, this article contrasts Han. The law leads to the main components of the movement structure: the donors, the recipients, the forces and the results. Because of the common cognition, the Han law makes the movement roughly similar in the three aspects, but the differences of the two are in their syntactic forms. The French causative structure form is relatively simple, "[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLPP]]"; the corresponding Chinese The form is slightly more complex: "[SUBJ [OBJBaNP V OBLDP]]", and the other form of expression is similar to French: "[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLDP]]". In Chinese, people choose appropriate expressions according to different needs. In addition, the Chinese law makes a larger difference in the expression of the mobile structure in the representation of cognitive decision and the movement path. Under the guidance of constructional theory, the differences and reasons are analyzed.
This paper argues that the mobile structure is a basic human activity experience and exists in the two languages of the Han Dynasty. Because of the common cognitive characteristics, the difference between the two is not very big in the event structure, the conceptual structure and the semantic structure. However, in view of the different development process of the living environment and history, the language system shows very much in its formation. The difference between them is manifested as syntactic differences. In this paper, we will interpret the semantic syntactic features and analyze their similarities and differences.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146;H32
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