汉语难易结构的特点及生成研究
发布时间：2018-07-25 20:21
【摘要】：Tough结构因为其句法独特性一直备受关注，不同的语言的学者们尝试多维度解析这一句型，比如Tough谓词的特征，Tough结构语义特征及句法生成等。汉语语法学家也不例外，他们着眼于探索汉语难/易谓词的语法特征以及及物性难易结构的生成。 本论文首先对汉语难易结构（名词+难易谓词+动词）的主要成分构成成分进行了描述性研究，具体来讲，我们证明汉语难易结构中，句首的名词短语大部分情况下是有定的，静态动词以及表示达成意义的动词不适合进入该结构，我们同时证明汉语难易谓词分为好+V和容易+V两大类。在此基础上，，以最简方案框架为理论基础，借鉴中动句分析中关于动词状态化的假设对汉语难易句进行句法推导。 根据动词的及物性，汉语难易句分为及物难易句、不及物难易句和双及物难易句。本论文指出在及物和双及物难易句中，施事只存在于概念层面，而在句法结构层面被完全抑制，难易句句首成分是移位的结果。我们认为汉语好+V和容易+V两大类及物性难易句具有不同的生成过程。具体来讲，容易+V结构中的动词经历了与中动结构中动词相似的静态化过程，然而好+V结构的生成是形容词性谓词直接选择名词做补语的过程。我们还指出不同于英语Tough结构，汉语的难易谓词选择vP作为补语。
[Abstract]:Because of its unique syntactic characteristics, Tough structures have attracted much attention. Scholars from different languages have tried to parse this sentence pattern in multiple dimensions, such as the semantic features of Tough predicates and syntactic generation. Chinese grammars are no exception. They focus on the grammatical features of Chinese difficult / easy predicates and the formation of difficult structures of transitivity. In this paper, the main components of the Chinese difficult and easy structure (noun difficult predicate verb) are studied. Specifically, we prove that the noun phrase at the beginning of the sentence is fixed in most cases. The static verb and the verb expressing the reached meaning are not suitable for entering the structure. We also prove that the Chinese predicates can be divided into two categories: good V and easy V. On this basis, based on the theory of the simplest scheme framework, the syntactic derivation of Chinese difficult sentences is carried out by using the hypothesis of verb statusization in the analysis of middle verb as reference. According to the verb and transitivity, Chinese difficult sentences can be divided into transitive sentences, intransitive sentences and double-transitive sentences. This paper points out that in transitive and double-transitive difficult sentences, the agent exists only at the conceptual level, but is completely suppressed at the syntactic structure level, and the first component of the difficult sentence is the result of shift. We think that Chinese good V and easy V have different generation processes. To be specific, the verb in easy V structure has experienced the same static process as the verb in the middle verb structure, but the generation of good V structure is the process of selecting nouns as complement directly by adjective predicate. We also point out that unlike the English Tough structure, the Chinese predicates choose VP as a complement.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2144971
[Abstract]:Because of its unique syntactic characteristics, Tough structures have attracted much attention. Scholars from different languages have tried to parse this sentence pattern in multiple dimensions, such as the semantic features of Tough predicates and syntactic generation. Chinese grammars are no exception. They focus on the grammatical features of Chinese difficult / easy predicates and the formation of difficult structures of transitivity. In this paper, the main components of the Chinese difficult and easy structure (noun difficult predicate verb) are studied. Specifically, we prove that the noun phrase at the beginning of the sentence is fixed in most cases. The static verb and the verb expressing the reached meaning are not suitable for entering the structure. We also prove that the Chinese predicates can be divided into two categories: good V and easy V. On this basis, based on the theory of the simplest scheme framework, the syntactic derivation of Chinese difficult sentences is carried out by using the hypothesis of verb statusization in the analysis of middle verb as reference. According to the verb and transitivity, Chinese difficult sentences can be divided into transitive sentences, intransitive sentences and double-transitive sentences. This paper points out that in transitive and double-transitive difficult sentences, the agent exists only at the conceptual level, but is completely suppressed at the syntactic structure level, and the first component of the difficult sentence is the result of shift. We think that Chinese good V and easy V have different generation processes. To be specific, the verb in easy V structure has experienced the same static process as the verb in the middle verb structure, but the generation of good V structure is the process of selecting nouns as complement directly by adjective predicate. We also point out that unlike the English Tough structure, the Chinese predicates choose VP as a complement.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 张艳芳;;浅谈静态动词表达状态的局限性[J];中北大学学报(社会科学版);2008年S1期
本文编号：2144971
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