基于语料库的汉语感谢言语行为研究

发布时间：2018-07-27 14:38

【摘要】：感谢言语行为是人们日常生活中不可或缺的一项交际活动，同时，它也是融洽人与人之间关系的一种常见的礼貌行为。作为汉文化中普遍存在的现象，感谢言语行为有着多种多样的表现形式和功能，其使用者的策略也不尽相同。本文采用语料库方法对汉语感谢言语行为进行分析，所选用的语料库是汉语本族语者语料库—北京大学汉语语料库，在总结前人对汉语感谢言语行为的研究基础上，通过对汉语语料库的数据分析，从而找出汉语感谢语的不同句法结构、使用者的策略和体现的功能，使大家对汉语感谢言语行为有更深地了解。研究发现：1）汉语感谢语的句法结构主要体现在词汇层面和句子层面，词汇层面包括简单致谢、加强语气的致谢和带宾语的致谢，而句子层面则分为陈述句、感叹句和疑问句；2）显性致谢语和隐性致谢语是汉语常用的两种策略，后者细分为五种策略：关心式、道歉式、责备式、假设式和称赞式；3）汉语感谢语有四个方面的功能：表示感谢、表示委婉的拒绝、表示讽刺和表示结束语；4）显性致谢语的使用远超过隐性致谢语，，因为感谢语的使用受文化因素的影响，汉文化更注重人与人之间的关系，故而感谢用语更为礼貌。本项研究从理论上促进了言语行为理论和面子理论的研究，从实践上丰富了大家对感谢言语行为的了解。适宜地使用感谢语有着重要的意义，故而我们有必要了解汉语感谢语的正确用法，以利于避免交际失误带来的尴尬，从而建立和维护好各方的交际关系，更好地进行交流。
[Abstract]:The speech act of gratitude is an indispensable communicative activity in people's daily life. At the same time, it is also a kind of common politeness behavior which harmonizes the relationship between people. As a common phenomenon in Chinese culture, the speech act of gratitude has a variety of forms and functions, and the strategies of its users are different. In this paper, the corpus method is used to analyze the speech acts of gratitude in Chinese. The selected corpus is the Chinese native speaker corpus-Peking University Chinese Corpus. On the basis of summarizing the previous researches on the speech acts of gratitude in Chinese, this paper analyzes the speech acts of gratitude in Chinese. By analyzing the data of the Chinese corpus, we can find out the different syntactic structure, the user's strategy and the function of the Chinese thanking language, so that we can have a better understanding of the speech act of Chinese thanks. It is found that the syntactic structure of Chinese thank-you is mainly at the lexical level and sentence level. The lexical level includes simple thanks, thanks with emphasis and thanks with object, while the sentence level is divided into declarative sentences, exclamatory sentences and interrogative sentences. 2) explicit thanks and implicit acknowledgements are two common strategies in Chinese. The latter is divided into five strategies: concern, apology, reproach, hypothesis and praise. The use of explicit words of thanks is far greater than that of implicit words of thanks, because the use of words of thanks is influenced by cultural factors, and the Chinese culture pays more attention to the relationship between people. It is therefore more polite to say thank you. This study promotes the theory of speech act and the theory of face theoretically, and enriches the understanding of speech act of gratitude in practice. It is necessary to understand the correct usage of thank-you language in order to avoid the embarrassment caused by the mistakes of communication, so as to establish and maintain the communication relationship between all parties and to communicate better.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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