现代汉语“总是”与“一直”的比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 06:00

【摘要】：本文通过比较的方法，将“总是”和“一直”的相同点和不同点做了分析，描写和解释相结合，得出如下结论： 1）语义方面。“总是”的意思是反复的做某事或者某个动作等，可以有时间间隔，但是却是重复的做一件事。“一直”的意思是持续的的做事，中间没有时间间隔，，基本语义为持续不变；此外探讨了他们与时间词搭配情况以及量的特征。 2）句法功能方面。主要从动词的选择情况、与时间成分的共现、与动态助词共现的情况、与动量、时量成分的共现情况、与否定词“不”“没（有）”“别”的共现情况等几个方面进行了描写和分析。 3）语用功能方面。运用认知语言学的方法，考察“总是”“一直”的基本语用特点，得知“总是”更强调客观事实，而“一直”更强调主观感受。语用的不同导致对句类的选择差异以及语体的差异。 4）教学应用方面。根据学生的不同情况，选择有效地教学方法和教学策略，从语义、句法、语用三方面进行教学，着重讲解二者的不同，注重培养学生的语感，是学生能够掌握并灵活的运用这对副词。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the similarities and differences between "always" and "always" are analyzed, combined with description and interpretation, and the following conclusions are drawn: 1) semantic aspects. "always" means to do something or an action over and over again, at intervals, but to do something over and over again. "always" means to do things continuously, there is no time interval between them, and the basic semantics are constant. In addition, the collocation of them with time words and the characteristics of quantity are discussed. 2) syntactic function. Mainly from the choice of verbs, co-occurrence with time component, co-occurrence with dynamic auxiliary word, co-occurrence with momentum and time component, This paper describes and analyzes the co-occurrence of the negative word "no", "no" and "different". 3) pragmatic function. By means of cognitive linguistics, this paper investigates the basic pragmatic characteristics of "always" and "always", and finds out that "always" emphasizes the objective facts more, and "always" emphasizes the subjective feeling more. Pragmatic differences lead to differences in the choice of sentence categories and style. 4) Teaching application. According to the students' different situations, we choose effective teaching methods and strategies, teach them from three aspects of semantics, syntax and pragmatics, emphasize on explaining the differences between the two, and pay more attention to cultivating students' sense of language. Students are able to master and use the pairs of adverbs flexibly.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】