汉语形容词谓语句与非宾格假设

发布时间：2018-08-09 20:30

【摘要】：汉语形容词谓语句的研究可以追溯到1898年的《马氏文通》的研究，至今已有一百多年的历史，本文在前人研究的基础上，结合国内外学者对非宾格假设的研究成果，主要从句法、语义两个层面对汉语形容词谓语句进行分析，探讨形容词谓语句中形容词的非宾格性，试图论证非宾格假设在汉语形容词谓语句中的适用性。形容词谓语句是汉语中比较有特色的一种句式，国内学者对汉语形容词谓语句的研究主要集中于考察句子中形容词的属性以及句子的结构类型，目前相关的研究成果已经颇为丰富，而对于这种句式的句法构成方式层面的研究却少有涉及，对于句式中形容词性谓词的属性特征也存在有待进一步深入研究的地方。本文在梳理前人对形容词谓语句研究的基础上，主要围绕两个问题：第一，形容词谓语句的基本句型构成与句法生成形式；第二，形容词谓语句中形容词性谓词是否具有非宾格性。针对第一个问题，本文结合前人研究结果，依据生成语法理论，，对不同形容词谓语句进行句型剖析，深入探讨其句法构成及生成方式。对于第二个问题，本文对不同类型形容词谓语句中各成分进行语义上的题元结构分析，参照、比对非宾格假设中非宾格系列与非作格系列谓词的表现，对形容词性谓词的非宾格性做出判定。本研究研究表明，形容词谓语句中的形容词性谓词与动词谓语句中的动词性谓词一样，根据其句法表现，也可以划分为非宾格类与非作格类——表示性质、动作描述的可归于非作格类，将表示存现、变化、致使的看作是非宾格类。非宾格假设在形容词谓语句中同样具有适用性。
[Abstract]:The study of adjective predicate sentence in Chinese can be traced back to the study of "Ma Shi Wen Tong" in 1898, which has a history of more than 100 years. This paper analyzes Chinese adjective predicate sentences from syntactic and semantic aspects, discusses the unobjectiveness of adjectives in adjective predicate statements, and tries to demonstrate the applicability of the unobjectiveness hypothesis in Chinese adjective predicate statements. Adjective predicate sentence is a kind of sentence structure in Chinese. The research of Chinese adjective predicate sentence mainly focuses on the attribute of adjective in sentence and the structure type of sentence. At present, the related research results have been quite rich, but there are few studies on the syntactic structure of this kind of sentence structure, and there are also places for further study on the attribute characteristics of adjective predicates in sentence patterns. On the basis of combing the previous researches on adjective predicate sentences, this paper mainly focuses on two problems: first, the basic sentence structure and syntactic formation of adjective predicate sentences; second, Whether the adjective predicate in adjective predicate is non-objective. In view of the first problem, this paper, based on the theory of generative grammar, analyzes the sentence patterns of different adjective predicate sentences, and probes into their syntactic structure and generating methods. For the second question, this paper analyzes the semantic meta-structure of each component in different types of adjective predicate sentences, referring to and comparing the performance of the non-objective and non-ergative predication predicates in different types of adjective predicate sentences. The non-objectiveness of adjective predicates is determined. This study shows that adjective predicates in adjective predicate sentences are similar to verb predicates in verb predicate statements. According to their syntactic expressions, adjective predicates can also be divided into non-objective and non-case class-representation properties. The description of an action that can be attributed to a non-ergative class will mean existence, change, and cause to be regarded as a non-object class. The non-objective hypothesis is also applicable in adjective predicate sentences.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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