新汉语水平考试（HSK）效度问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-11 20:02

【摘要】：“汉语水平考试”（HSK）作为一项专门用来测试母语为非汉语者的汉语水平的一种标准化语言测验，经过二十多年的发展和实施，由原来1984年开始研制的HSK（基础）、HSK（初中等）和HSK（高等）三个等级水平的系列考试，发展成为2009年11月起逐步实施，直到今天仍然实行的新HSK考试。新HSK考试包括笔试和口试，笔试分1~6六个等级，口试分初级、中级、高级三个等级。新HSK考试的提出弥补了原HSK考试的许多不足，更适应了时代的需要。本文简要论述新HSK考试产生的背景，改革的必要性，发展现状及未来的发展趋势等问题。通过与原HSK考试的对比，对新HSK考试的结构特点和题型设计做简要的分析，使大家对新HSK考试有一个更全面的了解。作为一项语言测试，必然有语言测试的目的和意义，考试的信度和效度是评价测试效果的两个非常的重要依据，一项测试是否成功，就要考察信度和效度是否达到标准。其中，效度是一项考试的核心问题。因此，本文在考察新HSK的发展和实施的基础上，重点对新HSK考试中听力和阅读类的题型与效度的关系进行研究，对听力和阅读理解题中的各种不同的题型是否全面的考察了学生的能力做出探讨，进而考察新HSK考试的有效性，哪些方面值得继承和发扬，哪些方面应该做出有效的调整。以期对未来的新HSK试题的命制和实施提出一些参考性建议，使新HSK更加完善。新HSK“考教结合”也是一个值得探讨的问题，本文在考察了新HSK与对外汉语教学的关系的基础上，对于在新HSK的影响下，汉语教学的方式和方法也做了简单的研究，希望把新HSK考试与汉语教学有效的结合起来，使广大考生和辅导教师有的放矢，考生更加有效的应对新HSK考试，并从听、说、读、写等各个方面实现能力上的提高，，鼓励广大汉语学习者在学习汉语的道路上继续前行。
[Abstract]:The Chinese proficiency Test (HSK), as a standardized language test used to test the Chinese proficiency of non-native speakers, has been developed and implemented for more than 20 years. The series of HSK (basic) and HSK (higher) levels, which were developed in 1984, have been gradually implemented since November 2009 and are still in practice today. The new HSK test consists of written and oral tests, which are divided into 1, 6, 6, and 3 primary, intermediate, and advanced levels. The new HSK test has made up for many shortcomings of the original HSK test and adapted to the needs of the times. This paper briefly discusses the background of the new HSK examination, the necessity of reform, the present situation of development and the future development trend. By comparing with the original HSK test, this paper makes a brief analysis of the structural characteristics and the design of the new HSK test, which makes everyone have a more comprehensive understanding of the new HSK test. As a language test, there must be the purpose and significance of the language test. The reliability and validity of the test are two very important bases for evaluating the test effect. Whether a test is successful or not, it is necessary to examine whether the reliability and validity reach the standard. Among them, validity is the core problem of an examination. Therefore, on the basis of investigating the development and implementation of the new HSK, this paper focuses on the study of the relationship between the types of listening and reading questions and the validity of the new HSK test. This paper probes into the ability of the students in listening and reading comprehension questions, and then examines the validity of the new HSK test, which aspects are worthy of inheritance and development, and which aspects should be adjusted effectively. In order to make the new HSK test more perfect, the author puts forward some reference suggestions on the order and implementation of the new HSK test in the future. The "combination of examination and teaching" of the new HSK is also a problem worth discussing. Based on the investigation of the relationship between the new HSK and the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, this paper makes a simple study on the ways and methods of Chinese teaching under the influence of the new HSK. It is hoped that the new HSK examination will be effectively combined with the Chinese language teaching, so that the vast number of examinees and tutoring teachers will be targeted, and the examinees will respond more effectively to the new HSK test, and improve their ability in listening, speaking, reading, writing and so on. Encourage the majority of Chinese learners to continue on the path of learning Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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