现代汉语反身代词“自己”及“他自己”的第二语言习得研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 17:29

【摘要】：本文以现代汉语简单反身代词“自己”和复合反身代词“他自己”为研究对象,主要分为绪论、主体和结语三个部分。绪论部分主要介绍研究的目的及意义、研究现状、研究方法等。主体部分包括第二章至第五章。第二章研究分析简单反身代词“自己”和复合反身代词“他自己”的使用特点。本文对反身代词“自己”和“他自己”的非照应用法和照应用法进行了分类,并对“自己”的长距离约束特性进行了详细地分析。此外研究发现在一定条件下的复合反身代词“他自己”能够接受长距离约束,且有主语倾向性；“自己”和“他自己”在人称和数方面的差异使得两者的指向情况存在差异。第三章用真值测试的方式对以韩语为母语的学生和以西班牙语为母语的学生理解汉语反身代词“自己”和“他自己”的情况进行调查。经总结得出汉语学习者的母语对汉语学习者习得汉语中的反身代词有一定的影响,但不是全部。以韩语为母语的学生习得汉语反身代词长距离约束特性比以西班牙语为母语的学生更有优势。其次不同母语的汉语学习者理解和使用“自己”的情况在普遍语法允许的范围内,成人第二语言学习者可及普遍语法。第四章搜集、整理HSK动态作文语料库中以韩语为母语的学生和以西班牙语为母语的学生使用汉语反身代词“自己”和“他自己”的情况,调查结果表明两组汉语学习者在使用反身代词约束特性时,使用短距离约束多于长距离约束。此外对语料中先行语的词性及语料中“自己”/“他自己”所处的语法位置做了统计,结果显示“自己”在句中多处于定语位置。第五章分调查教材课文中使用“自己”、“他自己”的情况,研究发现“自己”主要是作为反身代词,起照应作用。此外,当“自己”起照应作用时,多处在定语位置,这与语料库调查的统计结果相一致。针对问卷测试、语料调查、教材调查的结果,对对外汉语的教学提出一些建议,希望能对对外汉语教学有所帮助。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the simple reflexive pronoun "oneself" and the compound reflexive pronoun "he himself" in modern Chinese, which is divided into three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The introduction part mainly introduces the purpose and significance of the research, research status, research methods and so on. The main part includes the second to fifth chapters. Chapter two analyzes the characteristics of simple reflexive pronoun "oneself" and compound reflexive pronoun "he himself". This paper classifies the non-anaphora and anaphora usages of the reflexive pronouns "oneself" and "himself", and analyzes in detail the long distance constraint characteristics of "oneself". In addition, it is found that the compound reflexive pronoun "he himself" under certain conditions can accept long distance constraints and has the subject tendency, and the difference between "oneself" and "he himself" in person and number makes their pointing situation different. The third chapter investigates the understanding of Chinese reflexive pronouns "oneself" and "himself" by the way of truth test. The students who speak Korean as their mother tongue and Spanish as their mother tongue understand the Chinese reflexive pronouns "oneself" and "himself". It is concluded that Chinese learners' mother tongue has some influence on Chinese learners' acquisition of Chinese reflexive pronouns, but not all of them. It is more advantageous for native Korean students to acquire Chinese reflexive pronouns with long distance constraint than Spanish-speaking students. Secondly, Chinese learners with different mother tongue understand and use "self" to the extent permitted by universal grammar, adult second language learners can reach universal grammar. Chapter four collects and arranges the situation of Korean native speakers and Spanish-speaking students using Chinese reflexive pronouns "oneself" and "himself" in HSK dynamic composition corpus. The results show that the two groups of Chinese learners use short distance constraints more than long distance constraints when using reflexive pronoun constraints. In addition, the part of speech of antecedents in the corpus and the grammatical position of "oneself" / "himself" in the corpus are analyzed. The results show that "oneself" is in the attributive position in the sentence. The fifth chapter investigates the use of "oneself" and "himself" in the text, and finds that "oneself" is mainly used as a reflexive pronoun and serves as anaphora. In addition, when "oneself" acts as anaphora, many of them are in attributive position, which is consistent with the statistical results of corpus surveys. Based on the results of questionnaire test, corpus survey and textbook survey, some suggestions are put forward for teaching Chinese as a foreign language, hoping to be helpful to the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195

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