《山海经》方位词研究
发布时间：2018-08-13 17:18
【摘要】：《山海经》是上古时期的一部重要文献。书中主要记载山脉分布、河流的走势、郡国的地理位置等,用到了大量表达空间范畴的方位词。但现有研究多选取书中部分例证,对全书的方位词作全面系统研究的较少。因此选择《山海经》方位词为研究对象,进行穷尽性考察,并作共时历时比较研究和认知分析,以展示《山海经》方位词在方位词发展中的地位和价值。 文章共分四部分。 绪论部分主要对研究概况、选题意义、《山海经》的内容及研究所用底本和研究方法作了说明。 第二部分从方位词界定入手,对《山海经》方位词进行穷尽性地统计,从语义、语法功能两方面进行静态描写,观察《山海经》方位词系统的全貌。 第三部分将《山海经》与同具地理性质的文献《尚书·禹贡》、《穆天子传》、《淮南子·地形训》进行比较研究,分析《山海经》方位词的特点。 第四部分对《山海经》方位词进行认知分析。 通过研究可知,《山海经》方位词数量较多,语义以表空间意义为主,能充当的语法成分多且灵活多变,以作状语为主。搭配的词类较多,其中与之搭配的名词范围大为扩展。方位词未有表等级或地位的隐喻义,可作为该书具有明显地理性质的佐证。词义丰富,语义指向上有泛化趋势。语义具有自足性,大都可单独作状语,但也有用介词来介引方向的用例,介词结构作状语是表达方式上的变化与互补。成对方位词应用具有不对称与不均衡性。从认知角度分析《山海经》方位词可知,在空间参照定位中,叙述者对方位词的选用与表达空间范围宽窄、人类辨认方向的可能性、是否与自身相关且事物对称相关,而参照物的选择要具有确定性和已知性,避免交流上的误差。信息接受者根据自身知识经验对信息进行解读,对信息的理解具有主观性。
[Abstract]:Shanhai Classic is an important document in ancient times. The book mainly records the distribution of mountains, the trend of rivers, the geographical location of county, etc. However, most of the existing studies have selected some examples from the book, and few of them have made a comprehensive and systematic study on the location of the book. Therefore, this paper chooses the location words of Shanhai Classic as the research object, makes exhaustive investigation, and makes the synchronic and diachronic comparative study and cognitive analysis to show the position and value of the azimuth words in the development of the orientation words in the Shanhai Classic. The article is divided into four parts. The introduction mainly explains the general situation of the research, the significance of the selected topic, the contents of the Mountain and Sea Classic, and the base book and research methods. The second part starts with the definition of azimuth words, makes exhaustive statistics on the locus words, describes them statically from semantic and grammatical functions, and observes the whole picture of the system of azimuth words in Shanhai Classic. The third part makes a comparative study of the Shanhai Classic and the literature of "Shangshu Yugong", "the Biography of Mu Tianzi" and "Huainan Zi", and analyzes the characteristics of the "Mountain and Sea Classic" orientation words. The fourth part carries on the cognitive analysis to the location word in Mountain and Sea Classic. Through the study, we can see that there are more azimuth words in Shanhai Classic, the semantic meaning is mainly in the form of space, the grammatical elements are many and flexible, and the adverbial is the main one. There are many parts of speech collocation, and the range of nouns collocated with them is greatly expanded. There is no metaphorical meaning of the rank or position of the locative words, which can be used as evidence of the obvious geographical nature of the book. The meaning of the word is rich, and the semantic direction has the tendency of generalization. Semantic self-sufficiency, most can be used as adverbial, but also useful prepositions to introduce the direction of use cases, preposition structure as adverbial is the expression of changes and complementary. The application of pairs of azimuth words is asymmetric and unbalanced. From the cognitive point of view, we can know that in the spatial reference positioning, the narrator's choice and expression of azimuth words have a wide range of space, and the possibility of human recognition direction is related to itself and things symmetrically. The choice of reference objects should be deterministic and known to avoid errors in communication. The information receiver interprets the information according to their own knowledge and experience, and the understanding of the information is subjective.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H131
本文编号：2181663
[Abstract]:Shanhai Classic is an important document in ancient times. The book mainly records the distribution of mountains, the trend of rivers, the geographical location of county, etc. However, most of the existing studies have selected some examples from the book, and few of them have made a comprehensive and systematic study on the location of the book. Therefore, this paper chooses the location words of Shanhai Classic as the research object, makes exhaustive investigation, and makes the synchronic and diachronic comparative study and cognitive analysis to show the position and value of the azimuth words in the development of the orientation words in the Shanhai Classic. The article is divided into four parts. The introduction mainly explains the general situation of the research, the significance of the selected topic, the contents of the Mountain and Sea Classic, and the base book and research methods. The second part starts with the definition of azimuth words, makes exhaustive statistics on the locus words, describes them statically from semantic and grammatical functions, and observes the whole picture of the system of azimuth words in Shanhai Classic. The third part makes a comparative study of the Shanhai Classic and the literature of "Shangshu Yugong", "the Biography of Mu Tianzi" and "Huainan Zi", and analyzes the characteristics of the "Mountain and Sea Classic" orientation words. The fourth part carries on the cognitive analysis to the location word in Mountain and Sea Classic. Through the study, we can see that there are more azimuth words in Shanhai Classic, the semantic meaning is mainly in the form of space, the grammatical elements are many and flexible, and the adverbial is the main one. There are many parts of speech collocation, and the range of nouns collocated with them is greatly expanded. There is no metaphorical meaning of the rank or position of the locative words, which can be used as evidence of the obvious geographical nature of the book. The meaning of the word is rich, and the semantic direction has the tendency of generalization. Semantic self-sufficiency, most can be used as adverbial, but also useful prepositions to introduce the direction of use cases, preposition structure as adverbial is the expression of changes and complementary. The application of pairs of azimuth words is asymmetric and unbalanced. From the cognitive point of view, we can know that in the spatial reference positioning, the narrator's choice and expression of azimuth words have a wide range of space, and the possibility of human recognition direction is related to itself and things symmetrically. The choice of reference objects should be deterministic and known to avoid errors in communication. The information receiver interprets the information according to their own knowledge and experience, and the understanding of the information is subjective.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H131
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