熟悉与不熟悉成语语义启动的事件相关电位研究——熟语表征和理解的认知研究之一

发布时间：2018-08-25 10:22

【摘要】：本文使用事件相关电位技术(Event-Related Potentials,ERP)采用语义启动的实验范式考察熟悉成语与不熟悉成语语义加工的认知过程和神经机制。实验结果表明,成语的熟悉度对成语加工影响很大。熟悉成语引起了较小的N400和较大的P600,说明熟悉成语中熟语的非字面义与启动句的语义存在着较小的期待差异。而在熟悉成语中非字面义所提取出来的心理空间与启动句的心理空间之间又有一个语义整合。对于不熟悉的成语,非字面义比字面义引起较大的N400,但P600却没有差异。这是因为不熟悉成语的非字面义与启动句的语义之间在概念上的距离比字面义更远,因而其语义期待会更小。由于被试不熟悉所呈现的成语,无法从长期记忆中形成心理空间,因此无法与启动句的心理空间进行重新分析或语义整合。本研究说明,与比喻语言相关的加工难度与概念映现和概念整合的复杂程度具有一定的相关性,本实验支持空间构建模式和成语理解的认知语义学阐释。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the event related potential (Event-Related Potentials,ERP) technique is used to investigate the cognitive process and neural mechanism of semantic processing of familiar and unfamiliar idioms using the semantic priming paradigm. The experimental results show that the familiarity of idioms has great influence on idiom processing. Familiarity with idioms leads to smaller N400 and larger P600, indicating that there is a small expectation difference between the non-literal meanings of idioms in familiar idioms and the semantics of primer sentences. There is a semantic integration between the mental space extracted from the non-literal meaning of familiar idioms and the mental space of priming sentences. For unfamiliar idioms, the non-literal meaning is higher than the literal meaning, but the P600 has no difference. This is because the conceptual distance between the non-literal meaning of an unfamiliar idiom and the semantic meaning of a primer sentence is farther than that of the literal meaning, so its semantic expectation will be smaller. Because the subjects were not familiar with the idioms presented, they could not form psychological space from long-term memory, so they could not reanalyze or integrate with the mental space of priming sentences. This study shows that the processing difficulty associated with metaphor language is related to the complexity of conceptual mapping and conceptual integration, and this experiment supports the cognitive semantics interpretation of spatial construction model and idiom understanding.
【作者单位】：南京师范大学;解放军理工大学;国际关系学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金“汉语熟语理解的神经机制研究”(06BYY019) 国家自然科学基金“基于事件相关电位的汉语惯用语结构的认知研究”(30740040) 2010年国家社科基金重大招标项目“神经语言学研究及学科建设研究”(10&ZD126)的子项目“神经词汇学”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：H030

【共引文献】