中—英—日双语者语码转换过程的长时重复启动效应研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 10:22

【摘要】：语码转换和双语记忆表征作为双语认知研究的重要组成部分，得到国内外研究者的高度关注。研究者对语码转换和双语记忆表征展开了诸多研究，取得许多重要研究成果。然而，对于二语熟练、三语不熟练的双语者而言，其语码转换过程中是否存在长时重复启动效应尚不得而知。此外，先前研究通常关注二语对一语的启动效应，，运用不同任务范式考察语码转换过程的双语记忆表征，发现概念表征共享，词汇表征分离，但一语对二语、二语对三语、一语对三语的启动效应方面的研究却相对缺乏。鉴于此，本文采用实时研究方法，运用语义归类任务和词汇判断任务考察中—英—日双语者语码转换过程的长时重复启动效应，并进一步探讨语言熟练水平和重复启动是否会对反应时和错误率产生影响。具体来讲，本文主要探讨以下三个问题：第一，中—英—日双语者语义归类任务下是否存在L1对L2、L2对L3及L1对L3的长时重复启动效应；第二，中—英—日双语者词汇判断任务下是否存在L1对L2、L2对L3及L1对L3的长时重复启动效应；第三，语言熟练水平和重复启动能否影响受试语码转换过程的反应时和错误率。为了回答以上问题，研究者运用E-prime设计了语义归类和词汇判断两个实验考察受试语码转换过程的长时重复启动效应。实验受试为宁波大学二外为日语的英语专业硕士研究生。实验结果表明：1）在语义归类任务下，存在非转换和转换条件下L1对L2的重复启动效应；存在非转换条件下L2对L3的重复启动效应，但并不存在转换条件下的重复启动效应；不存在非转换和转换条件下L1对L3的重复启动效应。2）在词汇判断任务下，存在非转换和转换条件下L1对L2、L2对L3的重复启动效应；但并不存在非转换和转换条件下L1对L3的重复启动效应。3）语言熟练水平和重复启动均会对受试反应时和错误率产生重要影响。本研究所得结论在理论、研究方法以及教学实践上都对中国语码转换加工过程的双语记忆表征研究及对词汇教学有所贡献。理论上，本研究揭示了汉英（L1和L2）、汉日（L1和L3)）这些语言类型相距遥远的语言间、L2和L3间的双语记忆表征模式，进一步丰富了语码转换过程的双语记忆表征研究，为建构L1和L3及L2的记忆表征做出一定贡献。在研究方法上，本研究运用正向翻译和避免练习效应（即受试无需对学习阶段的刺激做出反应）的方法，不仅拓宽了语码转换过程双语记忆表征研究的方法论视角，而且在某种程度上解决了研究的生态效度问题。在教学方面，对外语词汇教学和学习提供了一定的启示。
[Abstract]:As an important part of bilingual cognitive research, code-switching and bilingual memory representation have attracted much attention from researchers both at home and abroad. Researchers have done a lot of research on code-switching and bilingual memory representation and have made many important achievements. It is not known whether there is a long-term repetitive priming effect in L2. In addition, previous studies have focused on the priming effect of L2 on L1. Different task paradigms have been used to examine the bilingual memory representation in the process of code-switching. In view of this, this paper examines the long-term repetitive priming effect in Chinese-English-Japanese bilinguals'code-switching process using semantic categorization task and lexical judgment task, and further explores whether proficiency and repetitive priming have an impact on reaction time and error rate. This paper mainly discusses the following three questions: first, whether L1 pairs L2, L2 pairs L3 and L1 pairs L3 long-term repetitive priming effect exists under the Chinese-English-Japanese bilingual semantic categorization task; second, whether L1 pairs L2, L2 pairs L3 and L1 pairs L3 long-term repetitive priming effect exists under the Chinese-English-Japanese bilingual lexical judgment task; third, language proficiency. Whether horizontal and repeated priming can affect the response time and error rate of the code switching process.
To answer these questions, two experiments, semantic categorization and lexical judgment, were designed to examine the long-term repetitive priming effect in the process of code-switching. The repetitive priming effect of L1 to L2 under the condition of non-conversion exists, but there is no repetitive priming effect of L2 to L3 under the condition of non-conversion, and there is no repetitive priming effect of L1 to L3 under the condition of non-conversion and non-conversion. There was no repetitive priming effect of L1 on L 3 under non-switching and non-switching conditions. 3) Both proficiency and repetitive priming had significant effects on reaction time and error rate.
The findings of this study have contributed theoretically, methodologically and practically to the study of bilingual memory representation and vocabulary teaching in Chinese code-switching processing. This study enriches the study of bilingual memory representation in code-switching process and contributes to the construction of memory representation in L1, L3 and L2. On the research method, this study uses the methods of forward translation and avoiding the practice effect (i.e. subjects do not need to respond to the stimuli of the learning stage), which not only broadens the bilingual memory table in code-switching process. From the perspective of methodology, the research has solved the problem of ecological validity to a certain extent, and has provided some enlightenment to the teaching and learning of foreign language vocabulary.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H0-05

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