科学语义学研究

发布时间：2018-09-02 09:20

【摘要】：语义学作为一种科学方法论的工具性意义已经在二十世纪以来的哲学和科学理论的研究过程中得到了凸显。但是,从语义学研究的历史和现状来看,关于语义分析的立场、流派和趋向一直不断涌现,这导致在关涉到语义学研究的对象、主题和特征等方面仍然存在着较大的争论。正是基于此,我们有必要对科学语义学的系统性、结构性和统一性等特征展开研究,以求明确语义分析方法的作用和价值,并给予其恰当而合理的理论定位。首先,我们回顾了语义学研究的早期历史及其“现代性”的成长背景、特征及其影响,其目的在于说明语义学相关问题的理解与哲学本体论、认识论研究的紧密相关性,同时也希望揭示语义学研究在“科学主义”和“理性主义”纲领下的经验、教训及其缺陷。其次,我们通过考察语言学、哲学、逻辑学、文化和历史理论以及计算机信息理论在语义学研究中所具有的作用和价值,以求说明科学语义学的思想来源及其在方法论意义上的横断性和工具性特征。另一方面,我们对意义、真理、指称等科学语义学研究所关注的主题也进行了全面的、系统的和科学的分析,并且对于科学语义学的关联界域及其形而上学背景进行了深入探讨。这部分研究内容的目的在于从科学语义学的理论前提、理论基础、核心论题及其背景空间出发,力求充分地展示出语义学具有“科学性”特征的基本内涵。再次,我们对内在论语义学与外在论语义学的对峙和融合以及实在论语义学与反实在论语义学的论争与借鉴进行了深入剖析,同时我们也探讨了哲学的“解释学／修辞学转向”给科学语义学研究所带来的影响,其目的在于打破传统语义学分析的狭隘思维,对科学语义学的理性发展趋向及其表征形态进行整体把握。第四,我们通过对以法国和德国为代表的欧洲大陆语义学和英美语义学研究传统的分析和比较,一方面希望展示出不同国家语义学研究所独具的发展方向和特征,另一方面也希望揭示出当代英美语义学与欧洲大陆语义学之间对话与融合的历史趋势,这为统一而系统的科学语义学方法论研究提供了契机与可能。最后,通过对语义学研究的“认知转向”和博弈论语义学的分析,我们希望说明当代各种不同类型的科学语义学方法论模型都具有理论解释的包容性和方法论趋向的融合性特征,它们都在各自不同的渠道和层面上为语义学的“科学性”研究做出了贡献,而以霍根为代表所主张的“语境语义学”思想则在语义学的“自然性”与“规范性”协调、统一的立场上为科学语义学的方法论模型研究提供了重要启示。总之,通过对科学语义学内涵的理解、发展趋向性的把握、研究传统差异与融合特征的分析和方法论模型的比较,我们希望能够充分揭示出语义学“科学性”的本质与特征,这一方面能够为语义学的学科性确立提供更加坚实的基础和保证,另一方面也能够使得科学的语义分析方法在哲学与科学理论研究中的作用更加突显。
[Abstract]:The instrumental significance of semantics as a scientific methodology has been highlighted in the study of philosophical and scientific theories since the twentieth century. However, from the perspective of the history and current situation of semantics, the standpoints, schools and trends of semantic analysis have been constantly emerging, which has led to the emergence of the subjects of semantics. Based on this, it is necessary for us to study the systematic, structural and unified features of scientific semantics in order to clarify the function and value of semantic analysis and give it a proper and reasonable theoretical orientation.
Firstly, we review the early history of semantics and the background, characteristics and influence of its "modernity", aiming at explaining the close relationship between the understanding of semantics and philosophical ontology and epistemological research, and also to reveal that semantics is under the program of "scientism" and "rationalism". Experience, lessons and shortcomings.
Secondly, by examining the roles and values of linguistics, philosophy, logic, cultural and historical theories, and computer information theory in the study of semantics, we try to explain the ideological origin of scientific semantics and its cross-cutting and instrumental features in the methodological sense. On the other hand, we discuss the subjects of meaning, truth, reference, etc. The main topics of scientific semantics are also comprehensively, systematically and scientifically analyzed, and the related boundaries of scientific semantics and its metaphysical background are discussed in depth. It is necessary to fully demonstrate the basic connotation of semantics in terms of "scientificity".
Thirdly, we analyze the confrontation and fusion between intrinsic semantics and extrinsic semantics, and the debate and reference between realist semantics and anti-realist semantics. At the same time, we also discuss the impact of the "hermeneutic/rhetorical turn" of philosophy on scientific semantics, aiming to break the tradition. The narrow thinking of semantics analysis is to grasp the rational development trend and representation form of scientific semantics as a whole.
Fourthly, by analyzing and comparing the traditions of continental semantics and Anglo-American semantics represented by France and Germany, we hope to show the unique development direction and characteristics of different national Semantics Research Institutes on the one hand, and also hope to reveal the dialogue between contemporary Anglo-American semantics and continental semantics on the other hand. The historical trend of integration provides an opportunity and possibility for the unified and systematic study of scientific semantics methodology.
Finally, through the analysis of the "cognitive turn" and the game theory semantics of semantics, we hope to show that different types of contemporary scientific semantics methodological models have the inclusiveness of theoretical interpretation and the fusion of methodological trends. They are "science" of semantics in their respective channels and levels. The study of semantics contributes to the study of semantics, while the idea of contextual semantics, represented by Hogan, harmonizes the naturalness and normativeness of semantics. The unified standpoint provides an important inspiration for the study of the methodology model of scientific semantics.
In a word, by understanding the connotation of scientific semantics, grasping the trend of development, studying the analysis of traditional differences and fusion features and comparing the methodological models, we hope to fully reveal the essence and characteristics of the scientific nature of semantics, which can provide a more solid foundation and guarantee for the establishment of the disciplinary nature of semantics. On the other hand, it can also make the role of scientific semantic analysis in the study of philosophy and scientific theory more prominent.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H030;N02

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