英汉强调义的表达方式对比研究
发布时间：2018-09-05 12:14
【摘要】：“强调”是说话人为了话语信息的重点表达,打破常规的语言表达,使听话者受到非一般的心理刺激,从而达到强化语义、突出重点、增强语气的效果。强调作为人们日常交际中重要的手段,一直是学界研究的热点。但是从对比角度来比较英语和汉语的强调义表达方式的异同还较少涉及。 在对比语言学和系统功能语言学的支持下,本文从强调范围的大小,强调程度的强弱,强调对比视角定义了强调的语义范畴,根据强调表达的直白性与否分直白强调和隐含强调。具体而言,直白强调包括英汉词汇和句法手段,隐含强调包括英汉句法、语音、修辞和语篇手段。在直白强调和隐含强调表达手段系统梳理和总结的基础上,本文详细对比了英汉语强调义表达手段的异同。 首先,“强调”是英汉使用者在话语交际过程中都普遍使用的表达方式,并且两者都涉及到了词汇,句法,语音,修辞,篇章手段。共同的心理认知机制—一突显原则使得人类语言中普通存在“强调”范畴。 其次,英语和汉语都根据信息焦点落在最重要的位置上的原则安排语序。英语语序结构由末尾焦点(end-focus)原则和末尾着重(end-weight)原则决定,汉语也受到末尾焦点原则(end-focus)制约,末尾着重(end-weight)原则对汉语语序结构安排影响较小。 再次,英汉语中典型的"only"和“只”,"even"和“都”," particular "和“尤其”在句中不同位置时其语义范畴和语义指向的对比中得出英语的词汇强调标示能力强于汉语。通过英语分裂句与汉语“…是....”、英语拟分裂句与汉语“.的是…”、there be...."与汉语“…有....”存现句在可聚焦句中成分和聚焦效果的对比中得出,英语特殊句型的强调作用力强。在可前置成分上,英汉语有一致性。汉语的可后置成分较少；“句末加重”原则使得英语将较长复杂的主语或宾语后置。 最后,重音、设置停顿、改变音长都是英汉语实现语音强调的手段。语言类型的差异决定了英汉语在修辞、语篇手段上展现了各自的特点。 总之,通过对英汉强调手段的对比,进一步拓宽对语言类型和语言本质的认识,细化对英汉语语法本质认识,弥补英汉对比角度研究“强调”范畴的不足。
[Abstract]:"stress" is the effect of the speaker to break the conventional language expression for the emphasis of discourse information, to make the hearer receive the unusual psychological stimulation, so as to strengthen the semantic meaning, stress the emphasis, and strengthen the tone of mood. Emphasis on people's daily communication as an important means, has been the focus of academic research. However, there are few differences between English and Chinese in terms of comparison. With the support of contrastive linguistics and systemic functional linguistics, this paper defines the semantic category of emphasis from the perspective of contrast, focusing on the magnitude of the scope, the strength of the degree of emphasis, and the comparative perspective. According to the emphasis of the expression of directness or not, it can be divided into direct emphasis and implicit emphasis. In particular, the direct emphasis includes English and Chinese lexical and syntactic devices, while the implicit emphasis includes English and Chinese syntax, phonetics, rhetoric and discourse. On the basis of combing and summing up the means of direct emphasis and implicit emphasis, this paper compares the similarities and differences between English and Chinese means of meaning expression in detail. First of all, "emphasis" is an expression commonly used by English and Chinese users in the process of discourse communication, and both of them involve lexical, syntactic, phonetic, rhetorical and textual means. Common psychological cognitive mechanism-the principle of prominence makes the category of "emphasis" common in human language. Second, both English and Chinese place word order according to the principle that the focus of information falls on the most important position. The word order structure in English is determined by the end-focus principle and the end-weight principle. Chinese is also restricted by the end-focus principle, and the end-weight principle has little influence on the word order structure arrangement in Chinese. Thirdly, the comparison between "only" and "only", "even" and "du", "particular" and "especially" in different positions in English and Chinese shows that the lexical emphasis of English is stronger than that of Chinese. Through English split sentences and Chinese. Is. "English quasi-split sentence and Chinese". " There be. " And Chinese. Yes. " From the comparison of the components and the focusing effect of the existential sentence, it is concluded that the stress force of the English special sentence pattern is strong. There is consistency in English and Chinese on the antecedent elements. The principle of "sentence end aggravation" makes English a long and complicated subject or object postposition. Finally, stress, setting pauses and changing timbre are all the means to achieve phonetic emphasis in English and Chinese. The difference of language types determines that English and Chinese have their own characteristics in rhetoric and discourse. In a word, by comparing the means of emphasis between English and Chinese, we can further broaden our understanding of the types and essence of language, refine our understanding of the essence of grammar in English and Chinese, and make up for the deficiency of the category of emphasis in the contrastive study of English and Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313;H136
本文编号：2224234
[Abstract]:"stress" is the effect of the speaker to break the conventional language expression for the emphasis of discourse information, to make the hearer receive the unusual psychological stimulation, so as to strengthen the semantic meaning, stress the emphasis, and strengthen the tone of mood. Emphasis on people's daily communication as an important means, has been the focus of academic research. However, there are few differences between English and Chinese in terms of comparison. With the support of contrastive linguistics and systemic functional linguistics, this paper defines the semantic category of emphasis from the perspective of contrast, focusing on the magnitude of the scope, the strength of the degree of emphasis, and the comparative perspective. According to the emphasis of the expression of directness or not, it can be divided into direct emphasis and implicit emphasis. In particular, the direct emphasis includes English and Chinese lexical and syntactic devices, while the implicit emphasis includes English and Chinese syntax, phonetics, rhetoric and discourse. On the basis of combing and summing up the means of direct emphasis and implicit emphasis, this paper compares the similarities and differences between English and Chinese means of meaning expression in detail. First of all, "emphasis" is an expression commonly used by English and Chinese users in the process of discourse communication, and both of them involve lexical, syntactic, phonetic, rhetorical and textual means. Common psychological cognitive mechanism-the principle of prominence makes the category of "emphasis" common in human language. Second, both English and Chinese place word order according to the principle that the focus of information falls on the most important position. The word order structure in English is determined by the end-focus principle and the end-weight principle. Chinese is also restricted by the end-focus principle, and the end-weight principle has little influence on the word order structure arrangement in Chinese. Thirdly, the comparison between "only" and "only", "even" and "du", "particular" and "especially" in different positions in English and Chinese shows that the lexical emphasis of English is stronger than that of Chinese. Through English split sentences and Chinese. Is. "English quasi-split sentence and Chinese". " There be. " And Chinese. Yes. " From the comparison of the components and the focusing effect of the existential sentence, it is concluded that the stress force of the English special sentence pattern is strong. There is consistency in English and Chinese on the antecedent elements. The principle of "sentence end aggravation" makes English a long and complicated subject or object postposition. Finally, stress, setting pauses and changing timbre are all the means to achieve phonetic emphasis in English and Chinese. The difference of language types determines that English and Chinese have their own characteristics in rhetoric and discourse. In a word, by comparing the means of emphasis between English and Chinese, we can further broaden our understanding of the types and essence of language, refine our understanding of the essence of grammar in English and Chinese, and make up for the deficiency of the category of emphasis in the contrastive study of English and Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313;H136
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