现代汉语“X不得”与“不得X”研究

发布时间：2018-09-06 09:25

【摘要】：本文以现代汉语的“X不得”与“不得X”为研究对象，从共时和历时的角度对两者进行了详细的描写，并对两者之间的异同点进行分析概括。全文共分七章：第一章绪论部分，主要介绍本文的选题意义和相关研究现状，并指出本文的研究方法、语料来源等。第二章考察了“不得X”。首先考察了“不得X”的构成，总结了能进入“不得X”中的X以动词和名词为主；然后从句法、语义和语用方面对“不得X”进行描写分析。第三章主要考察了“不得X”中的高频结构“不得不”，并从句法、语义、语用功能方面进行描写，，重点在情态表达方面分析了“不得不”。第四章考察了“X不得”。首先对“X不得”进行分类，根据其凝固度及能否替换分为“X不得1”与“X不得2”；然后对“X不得”进行共时描写，主要介绍了能进入“X不得”中的X的成分；最后从句法、语义、语用方面对“X不得”进行细致描写。第五章考察“不得”的语法化历程。先描述了“不得”的语法化过程，然后总结其语法化的动因是“得”的语法化和邻近原则。第六章对“X不得”与“不得X”进行对比分析。采用对比分析的方法，对能进入“X不得”与“不得X”中的X进行比较；然后对两者的句法分布、语义和语用进行对比概括；最后得出语法化程度的强弱是导致两者熟语化程度不同的原因。第七章结语部分，总结本文各个章节的主要观点，得出本文的结论，并指出论文的不足及今后有待进一步研究的问题。
[Abstract]:This paper takes "X no" and "no X" in modern Chinese as the research object, describes them in detail from the angle of synchronic and diachronic, and analyzes and generalizes the similarities and differences between them. The paper is divided into seven chapters: the first chapter introduces the significance of the topic and the research status, and points out the research methods, corpus sources and so on. Chapter two examines not X. This paper first examines the composition of "no X", summarizes that the X that can enter "no X" is mainly composed of verbs and nouns, and then analyzes the description of "no X" from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects. The third chapter mainly studies the high-frequency structure "have to" in "No X", and describes it from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic functions, focusing on the analysis of "having to" in the aspect of modal expression. Chapter four examines X No. First of all, "X shall not" is classified into "X not 1" and "X no 2" according to its solidification degree and whether it can be replaced, then "X must not" is described at the same time, which mainly introduces the components of X that can enter "X no". Finally, it describes X not in syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Chapter five examines the grammaticalization of "No". This paper first describes the grammaticalization process of "not allowed", and then summarizes that the motivation of grammaticalization is the grammaticalization of "gain" and the principle of proximity. Chapter VI makes a comparative analysis of X not and No X. By using the method of comparative analysis, this paper compares X into "X not" and "no X", and then compares the syntactic distribution, semantics and pragmatics between them. Finally, the author draws the conclusion that the degree of grammaticalization is different from that of idiom. The conclusion of the seventh chapter summarizes the main points of each chapter of this paper, draws the conclusion of this paper, and points out the shortcomings of the paper and the problems to be further studied in the future.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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