《庄子》会话语篇语用修辞方式探微

发布时间：2018-09-17 11:48

【摘要】：语用修辞近年来已经成为一个比较热门的话题,国内外很多学者都对此进行了大量研究并取得了丰硕的成果。从他们的研究趋势中我们可以看到两者的结合研究已经逐渐应用于日常对话或文学作品中,这从侧面反映出两者可以取长补短进行更多实证性的研究。因此在他们研究成果的基础上,本文将语用学和修辞学的一些主要理论相结合来探讨庄子的会话语篇,以期证明两者结合的可能性和重要意义。修辞学理论主要包括积极修辞和消极修辞,这是由我国著名修辞学者陈望道先生提出来的。由于语用学和修辞学都将语言应用作为主要的研究对象,因此很多学者认为从言语行为理论入手或许可以将二者结合起来。并且言语行为理论的言内行为、言外行为和言后行为与修辞过程的修辞行为、修辞目的和修辞效果相对应,因此我们试图把二者相结合,在此基础上提出语用修辞行为、语用修辞意图和语用修辞效果。在言语交际过程中,我们把说话人和听话人放在同等重要的地位,并根据他们在对话中的状态和反应来分别研究他们的话语的语用修辞行为、语用修辞意图和语用修辞效果。本文的语料全部来自《庄子》中的会话,根据发话人与听话人之间的关系与地位我们将这些会话分为9类,并从中抽取了16组最具代表性的会话进行分析和讨论。通过研究发现言语行为与修辞行为在很多方面有交叉,因此我们从中选取了10组会话进行定量分析,发现直接言语行为和消极修辞发挥的作用大致相同,间接言语行为与积极修辞通常是相结合的。另外我们把接受修辞策略与会话含义相结合,分析了在信息接受增值和减值的情况下会话含义是如何进行传递的,得出在这两种情况下哲学思想都可以传达出来,因为会话的间接接受者是读者,他们可以从会话中推测出间接的表达者即作者庄子的原意。通过定性与定量的分析我们得出的结论是语用修辞研究可以从一个新的角度来解读庄子的思想及庄子会话语篇的文学价值和魅力。
[Abstract]:Pragmatic rhetoric has become a hot topic in recent years, and many scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on it and have achieved fruitful results. From their research trends, we can see that the combination of the two has been gradually applied to daily conversation or literary works, which reflects the advantages of both. Therefore, on the basis of their research results, this paper combines some major theories of pragmatics and rhetoric to explore Chuang Tzu's conversational discourse in order to prove the possibility and significance of the combination.
Rhetoric theory mainly includes positive rhetoric and negative rhetoric, which was put forward by Mr. Chen Wangdao, a famous rhetoric scholar in China. Since pragmatics and rhetoric regard language application as the main research object, many scholars believe that it is possible to combine the two theories from the perspective of speech act theory. Intra-linguistic behavior, illocutionary behavior and post-linguistic behavior correspond to rhetoric behavior, rhetoric purpose and rhetoric effect in rhetoric process. Therefore, we try to combine the two and put forward pragmatic rhetoric behavior, pragmatic rhetoric intention and pragmatic rhetoric effect. It also studies the pragmatic rhetoric behavior, pragmatic rhetoric intention and pragmatic rhetoric effect of their utterances according to their states and reactions in the dialogue.
The corpus of this paper is all from the conversations in Chuang Tzu. According to the relationship and status between the speaker and the hearer, we classify these conversations into nine categories and extract 16 most representative conversations for analysis and discussion. A quantitative analysis of group conversations reveals that direct speech acts and negative rhetoric play roughly the same role, while indirect speech acts and positive rhetoric are usually combined. In both cases, philosophical ideas can be conveyed, because the indirect recipient of the conversation is the reader, and they can infer from the conversation that the indirect expressor is the author Chuang Tzu's original intention.
Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, we come to the conclusion that pragmatic rhetoric research can interpret Chuang Tzu's thoughts and the literary value and charm of Chuang Tzu's conversational discourse from a new perspective.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15

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