现代汉语“总”类副词及连词的词汇化研究
发布时间：2018-09-18 17:41
【摘要】：词汇化是语言演变的一个重要方面，近年来已成为国内外语言学界关注的焦点。汉语词汇化也在这种大背景下取得了长足发展，有关汉语词汇化的著作和论文不断涌现，极大地丰富了汉语词汇化理论。本文立足于“总”类词语，以“总归、总共、总之”等为研究对象，通过对语料的全面考察，描写它们各自的词汇化过程，明确成词时间，并对其在现代汉语中的语用功能进行描写，最后分析其成词的动因与机制。之所以选择其中的副词和连词作为主要的研究对象，是因为语言变化在很多情况下都是在语言使用中发生的，而副词和连词都具有篇章连接的作用，这种篇章连接作用使得这两类成分与话语密切相关，因此使得副词和连词成为更新较快的语言成分，也容易发生词汇化。全文共分为七部分： 第一章是绪论，主要介绍了词汇化和语法化的研究现状以及“总”类连词及副词的词汇化研究现状、研究内容，并简述了本文的研究方法、理论依据和研究意义，介绍了本文的语料来源。 第二章主要考察了“总”的意义的历时发展变化，考察发现，“总”在最初是作为动词使用的，随着“总”后所接成分的逐渐复杂，其句法位置和功能发生了演变，因而“总”在不同时期的意义也发生了改变，，这就有了词汇化的可能，同时也为后文分析“总归、总共、总之”的词汇化奠定了基础。 第三章、第四章和第五章分别考察了“总归”“总共”“总之”三个词语的演变过程。首先考察它们各自在现代汉语中的句法语义表现，发现它们在现代汉语中都是作为副词或连词使用的。进而通过收集的大量语料，探寻其作为短语或跨层结构的用法，从历时角度考察其词汇化的过程，通过考察分析得出，“总归”、“总共”分别是由状中式偏正短语和跨层结构词汇化为副词的，“总之”是由动宾式短语词汇化为连词的，最后又分别分析了三者在现代汉语中的语用功能。 第六章分析“总”类词语词汇化的动因与机制，分别从语言自身、语用、心理认知等方面，对“总归、总共、总之”词汇化的进行了阐释和分析,语音、语义及表层结构等语言自身的变化，使它们都有了词汇化的可能；语用推理与语境义的吸收以及结构的简化等语用因素，使得各个话语形式在使用中逐渐趋于词汇化；隐喻、组块心理模式及重新分析等心理认知因素为词汇化提供了认知上的理论依据。
[Abstract]:Lexicalization is an important aspect of language evolution and has become the focus of linguists at home and abroad in recent years. Under this background, the lexicalization of Chinese has made great progress, and the works and papers on the lexicalization of Chinese have been emerging constantly, which has greatly enriched the theory of lexicalization of Chinese. Based on the category of "total" and taking "general, total, in short" as the object of study, this paper describes their respective lexicalization process and defines the time of word formation through a comprehensive investigation of the corpus. The pragmatic function in modern Chinese is described, and the motivation and mechanism of its word formation are analyzed. The reason for choosing adverbs and conjunctions as the main research objects is that language changes occur in many cases in the use of language, and adverbs and conjunctions play a role of textual connection. This kind of textual connection makes these two kinds of components closely related to discourse, so adverbs and conjunctions become rapidly updated language components, and lexicalization is easy to occur. The thesis is divided into seven parts: the first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the research status of lexicalization and grammaticalization, the lexicalization of "total" conjunctions and adverbs, the contents of the research, and the research methods of this paper. The theoretical basis and the significance of the research, introduced the source of the corpus of this paper. The second chapter mainly examines the diachronic development of the meaning of "total". It is found that "total" was originally used as a verb, and its syntactic position and function evolved with the gradual complexity of the components followed by "total". Therefore, the meaning of "total" has also changed in different periods, which has the possibility of lexicalization, and it also lays the foundation for the lexicalization of "general, total, in short" in later text analysis. Chapter three, Chapter four and Chapter five examine the evolution of the three words, "Total" and "Total" respectively. First, we examine their syntactic and semantic expressions in modern Chinese, and find that they are used as adverbs or conjunctions in modern Chinese. Then through the collection of a large number of data, to explore its use as a phrase or cross-layer structure, from a diachronic point of view to investigate its lexicalization process, through investigation and analysis, it is concluded that "always", "total" is changed from syntactic Chinese positive phrases and cross-structure words to adverbs, "in short" is changed from verb-object phrases to conjunctions. Finally, the pragmatic functions of the three words in modern Chinese are analyzed separately. The sixth chapter analyzes the motivation and mechanism of lexicalization of "total" words, respectively from the aspects of language itself, pragmatics, psychological cognition, etc. The changes of semantic and surface structure make it possible for them to be lexicalized; pragmatic factors such as pragmatic inference, contextual meaning absorption and structural simplification make each utterance form more and more lexical in its use; metaphor, and so on. The psychological cognitive factors, such as block psychological model and reanalysis, provide a cognitive basis for lexicalization.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2248642
[Abstract]:Lexicalization is an important aspect of language evolution and has become the focus of linguists at home and abroad in recent years. Under this background, the lexicalization of Chinese has made great progress, and the works and papers on the lexicalization of Chinese have been emerging constantly, which has greatly enriched the theory of lexicalization of Chinese. Based on the category of "total" and taking "general, total, in short" as the object of study, this paper describes their respective lexicalization process and defines the time of word formation through a comprehensive investigation of the corpus. The pragmatic function in modern Chinese is described, and the motivation and mechanism of its word formation are analyzed. The reason for choosing adverbs and conjunctions as the main research objects is that language changes occur in many cases in the use of language, and adverbs and conjunctions play a role of textual connection. This kind of textual connection makes these two kinds of components closely related to discourse, so adverbs and conjunctions become rapidly updated language components, and lexicalization is easy to occur. The thesis is divided into seven parts: the first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the research status of lexicalization and grammaticalization, the lexicalization of "total" conjunctions and adverbs, the contents of the research, and the research methods of this paper. The theoretical basis and the significance of the research, introduced the source of the corpus of this paper. The second chapter mainly examines the diachronic development of the meaning of "total". It is found that "total" was originally used as a verb, and its syntactic position and function evolved with the gradual complexity of the components followed by "total". Therefore, the meaning of "total" has also changed in different periods, which has the possibility of lexicalization, and it also lays the foundation for the lexicalization of "general, total, in short" in later text analysis. Chapter three, Chapter four and Chapter five examine the evolution of the three words, "Total" and "Total" respectively. First, we examine their syntactic and semantic expressions in modern Chinese, and find that they are used as adverbs or conjunctions in modern Chinese. Then through the collection of a large number of data, to explore its use as a phrase or cross-layer structure, from a diachronic point of view to investigate its lexicalization process, through investigation and analysis, it is concluded that "always", "total" is changed from syntactic Chinese positive phrases and cross-structure words to adverbs, "in short" is changed from verb-object phrases to conjunctions. Finally, the pragmatic functions of the three words in modern Chinese are analyzed separately. The sixth chapter analyzes the motivation and mechanism of lexicalization of "total" words, respectively from the aspects of language itself, pragmatics, psychological cognition, etc. The changes of semantic and surface structure make it possible for them to be lexicalized; pragmatic factors such as pragmatic inference, contextual meaning absorption and structural simplification make each utterance form more and more lexical in its use; metaphor, and so on. The psychological cognitive factors, such as block psychological model and reanalysis, provide a cognitive basis for lexicalization.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
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