叙事语篇连贯的象似性视角解读

发布时间：2018-10-07 19:02

【摘要】：语篇的连贯性问题是语篇研究的一个核心内容，它在很大程度上决定了语篇的可接受性。虽然，不同学派的语言学家都通过不同的分析方法对语篇连贯进行了深入研究，主要有：语域加衔接理论、宏观结构理论、言外行为理论、修辞结构理论、心理框架理论、主位推进理论等，但是，尚有一些重要问题存在争议，未能完全解决。而且，至今关于语篇连贯的定义，篇章语言学界也没有一个确切、统一的说法，有一个基本表述：衔接是能够连句成章的一种词汇和语法方面的手段，而连贯则是采用这些手段所能够产生的结果。随着认知语言学的出现，学者开始从认知的角度去探讨语篇连贯问题，，并取得了很大的成就。同时，人类通过自身对世界进行体验及认知这一理念得到充分重视和肯定。本文就是在认知语言学的指导下，基于前人对语篇连贯的研究，运用象似性理论对叙述语篇的连贯性问题进行尝试性研究。以英汉两种语料为基础，从解读者的角度出发，来探讨象似性在促进语篇连贯上发挥的重要作用。 NannyFischer将象似性主要分为两大类：映像象似和拟象象似。本文在研究这一分类的基础上，对其进行尝试性探讨与改进，指出象似性在语篇分析中，必须要进行层次划分，因为语篇是一个具有层次结构的整体，语篇的连贯也就有层次之分，主要体现在宏观结构和微观结构两个层面上。本文将随机选取中英文小说里的叙事语段为素材进行研究，以象似性理论为主要理论框架，通过不同的象似性原则对叙事语篇的局部、整体连贯进行详细的分析，主要包括：顺序象似性、数量象似性、话题象似性、过程象似性和诗学象似性。其中，顺序象似性和数量象似性主要是沿用前人的研究成果，将其运用到叙事语篇的连贯分析中，发现其在实现叙事语篇的局部连贯上起着重要作用；话题象似性和过程象似性则是作者在总结前人研究成果的基础上，并结合叙事语篇的结构特点，将其进一步深化来研究叙事语篇宏观层面上的连贯；诗学象似性则是继承Freeman研究诗歌语篇的观点，来研究叙事语篇连贯，并发现其在叙事语篇宏观、微观连贯上都发挥重要作用。经分析证明，象似性理论，作为一种研究能指与所指之间的相似性的理论，在解读如何实现英汉叙事语篇连贯上，充分重视了解读者的心智世界与客观世界之间存在相似性这一客观事实，具有很强的解释力。本研究所选取的象似性理论分析视角，对于前人语篇连贯性的研究来说，是一个有利的补充与发展。其次，对将来的语言教学、文学作品翻译以及英汉的对比研究都具有重要的实践参考价值，同时也通过真实语料证明了象似性理论在语言分析中的适用性。
[Abstract]:Coherence is a core issue in discourse research, which to a large extent determines the acceptability of a text. Although, linguists of different schools have conducted in-depth research on discourse coherence through different analytical methods, including register plus cohesion theory, macro-structure theory, extraverbal behavior theory, rhetorical structure theory, and psychological framework theory. However, there are still some important problems which have not been solved completely. Moreover, there is no definite and unified definition of discourse coherence in the field of textual linguistics. There is a basic statement that cohesion is a lexical and grammatical means of linking sentences into chapters. Coherence, on the other hand, is the result of these methods. With the emergence of cognitive linguistics, scholars begin to explore discourse coherence from a cognitive perspective, and have made great achievements. At the same time, human beings through their own experience and cognition of the world this concept has been fully valued and affirmed. Under the guidance of cognitive linguistics and based on previous researches on discourse coherence, this paper attempts to study the coherence of narrative discourse by using iconicity theory. Based on the English and Chinese corpus, this paper discusses the important role of iconicity in promoting text coherence from the perspective of understanding the readers. NannyFischer divides iconicity into two main categories: image iconicity and pseudo iconicity. Based on the study of this classification, this paper tries to explore and improve it, and points out that iconicity must be divided into different levels in discourse analysis, because the text is a whole with hierarchical structure. The coherence of discourse is divided into two levels: macro structure and micro structure. In this paper, the narrative segments in Chinese and English novels are randomly selected as the materials, and the iconicity theory is taken as the main theoretical framework, and the local and overall coherence of narrative discourse is analyzed in detail through different iconicity principles. It includes sequence iconicity, quantitative iconicity, topic iconicity, process iconicity and poetics iconicity. Among them, sequential iconicity and quantitative iconicity mainly follow the previous research results and apply them to the coherence analysis of narrative discourse. It is found that they play an important role in the realization of local coherence of narrative discourse. Topic iconicity and process iconicity are further deepened to study the macro coherence of narrative discourse on the basis of summarizing the previous research results and combining with the structural characteristics of narrative discourse. Iconicity of poetics inherits Freeman's viewpoint of poetic discourse to study narrative discourse coherence and finds that it plays an important role in narrative discourse macro and micro coherence. It has been proved by analysis that iconicity theory, as a theory to study the similarity between signifier and signified, is used to interpret how to achieve the coherence of narrative discourse between English and Chinese. To understand the similarity between the reader's mental world and the objective world is of great explanatory power. The perspective of iconicity theory chosen in this study is a favorable supplement and development for previous studies of discourse coherence. Secondly, it has important practical reference value for the future language teaching, literary translation and the contrastive study of English and Chinese. At the same time, it also proves the applicability of iconicity theory in language analysis through the real corpus.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H315

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