基于义素分析法的《说文解字》同义词研究

发布时间：2018-10-13 07:40

【摘要】：《说文解字》(以下简称《说文》)是我国第一部字典,收字九千三百五十三个,其中词有数千,而同义词在这数千词中占有相当的比重,是《说文》不可或缺的一部分,具有很大的研究价值。本文第一章界定了什么是同义词、同义词的类型和本文所采用的同义词定义及分类方法,比较了西方语义学的义素分析法和中国训诂学的义素分析法,并提出本文主要采用二分理念的义素分析法。第二章分别对《说文》中互训、递训、同训、声训和方言语词中的同义词进行了甄别和整理。第三章是本文的重点内容,主要采用二分的义素分析法辨析《说文》中的一百一十组微别同义词,并用义素分析式子展示出这一百余组同义词在相同义位上的区别特征。第四章是在前文的基础上探讨许慎的同义词理念和同义词辨析方法的进步与局限之处。我们认为,进步有二,即《说文》已经具有语义场理念和许慎开始有意识地辨析同义词的相异之处；局限性有六,分别是直训的不完全释义、互训的非完全同义、同训的言同隐别、递训的偷换义项、同义词辨析有失精准和上下义误作同义词。希望通过此次研究,我们能对《说文》同义词有一个全面而准确的认识,并且能够用辩证的眼光正确看待许慎同义词研究的进步与局限之处。
[Abstract]:"Shuowen Jie Zi" (hereinafter referred to as "Shuo Wen") is the first dictionary in our country, with 9,353 words, of which there are thousands of words. Synonyms account for a considerable proportion of these thousands of words and are an indispensable part of "Shuowen". It has great research value. The first chapter defines what synonyms are, the types of synonyms, the definition and classification of synonyms used in this paper, and compares the sememe analysis of western semantics with that of Chinese exegetics. And put forward that this paper mainly uses the sememe analysis method of dichotomy. The second chapter discriminates and arranges the synonyms in Shuo Wen, such as mutual training, passing training, same training, sound training and dialect words. The third chapter is the main content of this paper, mainly uses the dichotomous sememe analysis method to distinguish 110 groups of slightly different synonyms in Shuo Wen, and shows the difference characteristics of the more than 100 groups of synonyms in the same meaning with the sememe analysis formula. Chapter four discusses the progress and limitation of Xu Shen's synonym concept and synonym discrimination method. In our opinion, there are two aspects of progress, that is, Shuo Wen has already had the concept of semantic field and Xu Shen has consciously begun to distinguish the differences between synonyms; there are six limitations, which are the incomplete interpretation of direct training and the incomplete synonyms of mutual training. The words of the same training are different from the others, the secret meaning of the instruction is passed on, the synonyms are analyzed inaccurately and the upper and lower meanings are mistaken as synonyms. It is hoped that through this study we can have a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the synonyms in Shuo Wen and can correctly view the progress and limitations of the synonym research of Xu Shen with a dialectical view.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H131;H161

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