“XX不已”类结构对比分析及习得情况考察
发布时间：2018-10-14 08:19
【摘要】：本文根据北京大学语料库中大量的母语者的语料,从词义、句法两个方面对"XX不已”、“XX不止”、“XX不休”、“XX不绝”、“XX不断”进行了分析和比较。“XX不已”的结构可以理解为一直持续在某种心境中,或某种动荡的状态中,停不下来。最常见的“XX"是表示心理的词。且在句中常常需要和系动词、使动动词、“对……”、“为……而……”等一起使用。“XX不止”这个结构一般可以分成三种含义：一是一个动作一直持续。二是一个动作反复做、延续时间长。三是一个状态一直持续。最常见的“XX”是“屡禁”。常作谓语。“XX不休”表示一直做一件事,一直不罢休。最常见的“XX”是表示“争辩”义的词。常作谓语。“XX不绝”也有三种含义：一是某件东西一直持续没有中断。二是某个行为一直持续没有中断。三是某件东西或某个行为在某个时间段内没有中断。最常见的“XX”是表示声音、气味、口味、(山川)绵长、人流来往和(历史)传承等词。常作谓语。“XX不断”格式出现的频率不高,“XX”主要可以表示“连续”的意义。常作谓语。 此外,本文从北京语言大学HSK作文动态语料库和东南亚华裔留学生作文语料库中搜集到了“不已”类偏误的句子,还编写了调查问卷来搜集留学生的偏误。通过SPSS数据分析、偏误分析得出了偏误的类型。错序类型的偏误往往是学生把“XX不已”类写成了“不已XX”类(包括“不止XX"、“不休XX"、“不绝XX"、“不断XX”)。原因在于学生对“不停(地)+动词”、“不断(地)+动词”这两个结构学习得比较早。而“XX不已”在意思上又和它们比较接近,所以学生负迁移以前学过的知识,规则泛化了。而误用类型的偏误往往是由于测试对象对“不已”类词的搭配规律不甚明了,而随机或凭语感作出了错误的判断。至于遗漏,母语使用者在使用“不已”时常常使用使动动词、表示对象和系动词的结构,而只有极少数留学生在使用“不已”会使用这些结构,致使语句不够自然通顺。误加类型的偏误是个别现象,是由于两种结构混用的结果。 最后通过对留学生的采访了解学生的习得情况,并总结了一些教学建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of a large number of native speakers in the corpus of Peking University, this paper discusses "XX", "XX not only", "XX endlessly" and "XX endlessly" in terms of word meaning and syntax. "XX incessantly" is analyzed and compared. The "XX incessant" structure can be understood as continuing in a certain state of mind, or in a state of turbulence, without stopping. The most common word "XX" is a word for psychology. And in the sentence often need and the link verb, causes the verb, "right.", "is." And. " "XX more than" the structure can be divided into three meanings: one is that an action continues. Second, a repeated action, lasting a long time. Third, a state has been maintained. The most common "XX" is "repeatedly prohibited". Often used as a predicate. "XX endlessly" means to do one thing all the time and never give up. The most common word for "XX" is the word "argument". XX also has three meanings: one is that something continues without interruption. Second, a certain behavior has continued uninterrupted. Third, something or behavior is not interrupted in a certain period of time. The most common "XX" is the words sound, smell, taste, length, flow and heritage. Often predicate. "XX" format is not high frequency, "XX" can mainly mean "continuous" meaning. It is often used as a predicate. In addition, this paper collects the sentences of "incessant" errors from the HSK composition dynamic Corpus of Beijing language and language University and the Southeast Asian Chinese students' composition Corpus, and compiles a questionnaire to collect the errors of overseas students. Through the SPSS data analysis, the error analysis has obtained the error type. Misordering is often caused by students writing "XX incessant" classes as "XX" classes (including "not only XX", "endlessly XX", "constantly XX"). The reason for this is that students learn about the structures of "constant verb" and "continuous verb" earlier. "XX" is more similar in meaning, so students negative-transfer the previous knowledge, the rules have been generalized. The bias of the misusing type is often due to the fact that the subjects do not understand the collocation rules of the "unceasing" words, and make the wrong judgment by random or by language sense. As for omissions, native speakers often use active verbs to denote the structures of objects and linked verbs, while only a few foreign students use these structures, which makes the sentences unnatural. The bias of the addition type is an individual phenomenon, which is the result of the mixed use of the two structures. Finally, through the interview of foreign students to understand the acquisition of students, and summed up some teaching suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.1
本文编号：2269879
[Abstract]:Based on the data of a large number of native speakers in the corpus of Peking University, this paper discusses "XX", "XX not only", "XX endlessly" and "XX endlessly" in terms of word meaning and syntax. "XX incessantly" is analyzed and compared. The "XX incessant" structure can be understood as continuing in a certain state of mind, or in a state of turbulence, without stopping. The most common word "XX" is a word for psychology. And in the sentence often need and the link verb, causes the verb, "right.", "is." And. " "XX more than" the structure can be divided into three meanings: one is that an action continues. Second, a repeated action, lasting a long time. Third, a state has been maintained. The most common "XX" is "repeatedly prohibited". Often used as a predicate. "XX endlessly" means to do one thing all the time and never give up. The most common word for "XX" is the word "argument". XX also has three meanings: one is that something continues without interruption. Second, a certain behavior has continued uninterrupted. Third, something or behavior is not interrupted in a certain period of time. The most common "XX" is the words sound, smell, taste, length, flow and heritage. Often predicate. "XX" format is not high frequency, "XX" can mainly mean "continuous" meaning. It is often used as a predicate. In addition, this paper collects the sentences of "incessant" errors from the HSK composition dynamic Corpus of Beijing language and language University and the Southeast Asian Chinese students' composition Corpus, and compiles a questionnaire to collect the errors of overseas students. Through the SPSS data analysis, the error analysis has obtained the error type. Misordering is often caused by students writing "XX incessant" classes as "XX" classes (including "not only XX", "endlessly XX", "constantly XX"). The reason for this is that students learn about the structures of "constant verb" and "continuous verb" earlier. "XX" is more similar in meaning, so students negative-transfer the previous knowledge, the rules have been generalized. The bias of the misusing type is often due to the fact that the subjects do not understand the collocation rules of the "unceasing" words, and make the wrong judgment by random or by language sense. As for omissions, native speakers often use active verbs to denote the structures of objects and linked verbs, while only a few foreign students use these structures, which makes the sentences unnatural. The bias of the addition type is an individual phenomenon, which is the result of the mixed use of the two structures. Finally, through the interview of foreign students to understand the acquisition of students, and summed up some teaching suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.1
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