“比N还N”结构的非范畴化分析

发布时间：2018-10-15 18:51

【摘要】：近年来，“比N还N”结构在口语和文学作品中相当流行。然而，人们对该结构的关注和研究成果并不多。根据所收集的文献，王霞和宗守云最早对该结构进行了研究。他们之后的许多研究主要关注该结构的修辞效果、句法结构、句法功能、语义和语用。本文旨在认知语言学的框架下运用非范畴化理论对“比还N”结构进行分析。Hopper and Thompson (1984)指出语言非范畴化是语言范畴化不可或缺的一部分。本文从认知语言学的角度探讨“比N还N”结构，尤其是该结构中后项“N”的动态范畴化过程。而在该动态范畴化过程中，重点讨论了后项“N”的非范畴化，因为它能帮助我们更好的理解该结构。在非范畴化的作用下，结构中后项N由指称转为陈述，它的句法功能也发生了相应变化，不能被量词，形容词和指示词修饰。在语篇功能上，，由于其语义特征的变化，后项N充当了谓词。由于后项N在语义，句法和功能上都与原型形容词相似。它获得了中间范畴——形容词的特征。因此，后项“N”通常表达的是说话人的态度或看法，具有强烈的主观性。此外，本文还探讨了后项N非范畴化的工作机制，以揭示其发生非范畴化的原因，主要包括隐喻和转喻。此外，根据所搜集的语料，作者发现并不是所有的名词都能够进入“比N还N”结构。因此，作者将能够进入该结构的名词分为两大类：第一类是显著度低的名词；第二类是显著度高的名词。作者发现显著度低的名词要进入该结构必须依赖于一定的语境条件。同时，作者对不依赖于语境就能进入“比N还N”结构的显著度高的名词进行了分类。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the "Bi-N" structure is very popular in oral and literary works. However, people pay little attention to the structure and research results. According to the collected literature, Wang Xia and Zong Shouyun first studied the structure. Many of their later studies focused on the rhetorical effects, syntactic structures, syntactic functions, semantics and pragmatics. The purpose of this paper is to use the theory of non-categorization in the framework of cognitive linguistics to analyze the structure of "Beit N" (. Hopper and Thompson (1984) and to point out that language de-categorization is an indispensable part of linguistic categorization. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper discusses the "N return N" structure, especially the dynamic categorization process of the latter term "N" in the structure. In the process of dynamic categorization, the de-categorization of the latter term "N" is discussed, because it can help us to understand the structure better. Under the action of non-categorization, the latter item N in the structure has changed from reference to statement, and its syntactic function has changed accordingly, and can not be modified by quantifiers, adjectives and deixis. In textual function, because of the change of semantic features, the latter term N acts as predicate. Since the latter item N is similar to the prototype adjective in semantic, syntactic and functional terms. It acquires the characteristics of the middle category-adjectives. Therefore, the latter term "N" usually expresses the speaker's attitude or opinion and has strong subjectivity. In addition, this paper also discusses the working mechanism of de-categorization of the latter item N, in order to reveal the causes of the de-categorization, including metaphor and metonymy. In addition, according to the collected data, it is found that not all nouns can enter the "N + N" structure. Therefore, the author divides the nouns that can enter the structure into two categories: the first is the noun with low salience, and the second is the noun with high salience. The author finds that nouns with low salience must depend on certain contextual conditions in order to enter the structure. At the same time, the author classifies nouns which can enter the structure of "N + N" independently of context.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】