高级阶段留学生汉语称赞语习得研究

发布时间：2018-10-15 17:45

【摘要】：汉语称赞语是一种在日常生活中使用频率比较高的礼貌语，，本文在前人对汉语称赞言语行为研究的基础上，以北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库中高级阶段留学生作文中筛选出的486条称赞语语料为依据，对留学生的称赞语习得进行研究。主要讨论了以下问题：（1）高级阶段留学生使用的称赞语所属的话题和句式类别、关键词及其数量分布，根据数据变化探讨其原因，产生的偏误类型和原因以及习得规律。（2）根据留学生习得称赞语出现的偏误类型和产生的原因，提出相应的教学策略，以期为对外汉语教学提供一定的帮助。得出了以下结论：（1）高级阶段留学生称赞语的中介语系统为：称赞话题主要有能力成就、人品性格、外貌、所有物以及少量涉及生活状况、家庭状况和感情关系的话题；句式类型主要为四种基本句式以及其他句式中使用较多的“名词/你+动词+名词/代词+程度副词+形容词”、“代词+程度副词+动词+名词/代词”和“名词/你+动词+程度副词+形容词+名词”；词汇类型有形容词、动词和名词；偏误类型主要为错词偏误、缺词偏误、多词偏误、语序偏误和词义偏误；偏误原因有母语负迁移、目的语泛化、文化因素的负迁移以及学习环境的影响。（2）高级阶段留学生习得汉语称赞语的过程为：留学生的汉语水平越高，在话题选择上越向汉语本族语称赞语靠近；在句式使用上句式1、2、3的使用频率都随着留学生汉语水平的增高而逐渐减少，其他句式则是随着留学生汉语水平的增高而增高；在关键词语的选择上受汉语水平以及词汇难易度两个因素制约；句式的变化也与汉语水平有密切的联系。（3）本文对称赞语的教学提出了三点建议：教师应重视称赞言语行为的教学、教学中要兼顾语言和语用、创设真实的课堂交际环境。
[Abstract]:Chinese compliment is a kind of politeness used frequently in daily life. On the basis of 486-item compliments selected from the HSK dynamic composition corpus of Beijing language and language University, this paper studies the acquisition of compliments by foreign students. This paper mainly discusses the following problems: (1) the topic and sentence type, keyword and quantity distribution of compliments used by foreign students at advanced stage, and the reasons according to the change of data; (2) according to the types and causes of errors in the acquisition of compliments by foreign students, the corresponding teaching strategies are put forward in order to provide some help for the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language (TCFL). The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the interlanguage system of compliment language for foreign students at advanced stage is: the main topics of praise are: ability achievement, personality, appearance, possession and a small number of related living conditions. The main types of sentence patterns are four basic sentence patterns as well as the use of "noun / your verb noun / pronoun degree adverb adjective" in other sentence patterns. "pronoun degree adverb verb noun / pronoun" and "noun / your verb degree adverb adjective noun"; lexical types include adjectives, verbs and nouns. Multi-word error, word order error and word meaning error are caused by negative transfer of mother tongue, generalization of target language, The negative transfer of cultural factors and the influence of learning environment. (2) the process of foreign students' acquisition of Chinese compliments at the advanced stage is as follows: the higher the foreign students' Chinese proficiency, the closer the topic selection is to the native Chinese compliments; The frequency of the use of the upper sentence pattern 1, 2 and 3 decreases with the increase of the foreign students' Chinese level, while the other sentence patterns increase with the increase of the foreign students' Chinese level. The choice of key words is restricted by two factors: the level of Chinese and the difficulty of vocabulary. The change of sentence structure is also closely related to the level of Chinese. (3) this paper puts forward three suggestions on the teaching of compliments: teachers should pay attention to the teaching of speech acts of praise, and pay attention to both language and pragmatics in teaching. Create a real classroom communication environment.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】