中美外交新闻发布会中介入资源的对比研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 14:36

【摘要】：外交新闻发布会是政府发布国内外新闻和引导舆论的重要媒介。外交新闻发布会由记者的提问和新闻发言人的回答组成。发言人代表政府发布信息，记者则代表新闻机构获取其所需要的新闻。国内外对外交新闻发布会的研究主要集中于语用学、语体学、口译策略研究、新闻学、政治学等领域，而以评价系统为理论框架的研究非常罕见。本文试图从评价理论角度对中美外交新闻发布会中的介入资源进行对比研究。评价理论中的介入系统主要研究对话语境下语言使用者如何通过词汇、语法资源表达自己观点，与其他观点进行交涉并利用这些资源调节自己对所说或所写的内容承担的责任。本文作者在中国外交部网站和美国国务院网站中共选取40篇外交新闻发布会语篇作为语料，从介入系统角度对比分析中美外交新闻发布会异同。本文作者通过研究发现，介入资源的分布在中国外交部发言人例行记者会和美国每日新闻发布会中既存在共同点也存在差异。相比于扩展资源，中美外交新闻发言人都倾向于使用更多的收缩资源来表达自己的立场、遏制谣言传播和引导大众舆论。但是在收缩系统中，中国外交新闻发言人使用的公告资源远远超过否认资源，而美国新闻发言人使用的否认资源稍多于公告资源。由于外交新闻发布会固有的特点和介入系统自身的运作体系，介入资源的分布在中美外交新闻发布会中存在一些相同点。而不同的文化背景、思维方式以及外交政策导致了中美外交新闻发言人在介入资源选择上的不同。本研究为外交新闻发布会的研究提供了新的视角，拓宽了介入系统的研究范围，，并且有助于深化研究者对中美外交新闻发布会和机构话语的认识。
[Abstract]:Diplomatic press conference is an important medium for the government to release domestic and foreign news and guide public opinion. The diplomatic press conference consisted of questions from reporters and answers from press spokesmen. Spokesmen deliver information on behalf of the government, and journalists on behalf of news agencies get the news they need. The researches on diplomatic press conferences at home and abroad mainly focus on the fields of pragmatics, stylistics, interpreting strategies, journalism, political science and so on. This paper attempts to make a comparative study of the intervention resources in the diplomatic press conferences of China and the United States from the perspective of evaluation theory. The intervention system in evaluation theory mainly studies how language users express their views through lexical and grammatical resources, negotiate with other views and use these resources to adjust their responsibilities for what they say or write. In this paper, the author chooses 40 diplomatic press conferences as the corpus on the Chinese Foreign Ministry website and the US State Department website, and analyzes the similarities and differences between China and the United States from the perspective of intervention system. The author finds that there are similarities and differences in the distribution of intervention resources between the regular press conference of the Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman and the daily news conference of the United States. Compared with the expansion of resources, Chinese and American foreign press spokesmen tend to use more contractionary resources to express their positions, curb the spread of rumors and guide public opinion. But in the shrinking system, Chinese foreign press spokesmen use far more announcement resources than denial resources, while U.S. spokesmen use slightly more denial resources than announcement resources. Due to the inherent characteristics of diplomatic press conferences and the operational system of the intervention system, there are some similarities in the distribution of intervention resources in the diplomatic press conferences between China and the United States. Different cultural backgrounds, modes of thinking and foreign policy have led to differences in the choice of intervention resources between Chinese and American foreign press spokesmen. This study provides a new perspective for the study of diplomatic press conferences, broadens the scope of research on intervention systems, and helps researchers deepen their understanding of Sino-US diplomatic press conferences and institutional discourse.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H313;H136

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