英语重音与汉语声调的音系类型对比研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 20:47
【摘要】：本文通过对比分析，认为英语和汉语是两个在不同基础上构建起来的具有显著差异的音系系统：英语以重音为支点，而汉语以声调为支点。二者在类型上以及节奏承载单位等方面各不相同。英语节奏关注重轻音节的交替，，汉语节奏则是倚靠不同声调的组合，因此两者虽然都以双拍步为标准音步，但是音步的组成成分不尽相同。另外，两个音系系统都存在着元音弱化的现象，即在重音缺失和轻声的情况下，元音都有可能弱化为模糊央元音//。//在英语中出现频率很高，主要是重读音节与非重读音节交替的结果，而汉语//出现频率较低，主要源于轻声数量相对较少，也伴随着重音的趋弱。 在英汉音系系统的对比基础上，本文进而回答了汉语是否存在词重音，或者说是否存在等同于英语词重音这一问题。由于声调在汉语音系系统中的统领地位，汉语所谓的词重音现象带有浓重的声调系统所赋予的特征，因此表现出有别于英语词重音的性质。具体体现在：(1)对比重音是在汉语载调音节的基础上，对某一语言单位的重读或强调，体现的是语用功能，具有偶然性和随意性；(2)汉语的普通重音通过载调音节而实现，由于载调元音饱满，因此双音节词的重音很难判断，具有不统一性；(3)轻声因音节失去声调而变得短促且微弱，这是一种相对于载重音节的弱读，是在声调系统内的一种强与弱的对比。
[Abstract]:Through comparative analysis, it is concluded that English and Chinese are two phonological systems with significant differences based on different bases: stress is the fulcrum in English and tone is the fulcrum in Chinese. The two are different in type and rhythm bearing unit. English rhythm pays attention to the alternation of heavy and light syllables, while Chinese rhythm relies on the combination of different tones, so both of them take double beat step as the standard sound step, but the composition of the step is different. In addition, vowels are weakened in both phonological systems, that is, the vowels may be weakened to fuzzy central vowels /. / in English when the stress is missing and the vowels are softly spoken. It is mainly the result of the alternation of stress syllable and unstressed syllable, while the low frequency of Chinese / is mainly due to the relatively small number of soft sounds and the weakening of stress. On the basis of the contrastive analysis of English and Chinese phonological systems, this paper then answers the question of whether or not there is a word stress in Chinese, or whether it is equivalent to English word stress. Due to the dominant position of tone in the Chinese phonological system, the phenomenon of word stress in Chinese has the characteristics given by the dense tone system, so it shows a different nature from that of English word stress. It is embodied in the following aspects: (1) contrastive stress is based on the Chinese tone syllables, and the emphasis on a certain language unit is pragmatic function, which is accidental and random; (2) the common stress in Chinese is realized by the tone syllable. Because the vowels are full, it is difficult to judge the stress of dicyllabic words. (3) it is short and weak because of the loss of the tone of the syllables, which is a kind of weak reading relative to the heavy syllable. Is a strong and weak contrast in a tone system.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H116;H311
本文编号：2292517
[Abstract]:Through comparative analysis, it is concluded that English and Chinese are two phonological systems with significant differences based on different bases: stress is the fulcrum in English and tone is the fulcrum in Chinese. The two are different in type and rhythm bearing unit. English rhythm pays attention to the alternation of heavy and light syllables, while Chinese rhythm relies on the combination of different tones, so both of them take double beat step as the standard sound step, but the composition of the step is different. In addition, vowels are weakened in both phonological systems, that is, the vowels may be weakened to fuzzy central vowels /. / in English when the stress is missing and the vowels are softly spoken. It is mainly the result of the alternation of stress syllable and unstressed syllable, while the low frequency of Chinese / is mainly due to the relatively small number of soft sounds and the weakening of stress. On the basis of the contrastive analysis of English and Chinese phonological systems, this paper then answers the question of whether or not there is a word stress in Chinese, or whether it is equivalent to English word stress. Due to the dominant position of tone in the Chinese phonological system, the phenomenon of word stress in Chinese has the characteristics given by the dense tone system, so it shows a different nature from that of English word stress. It is embodied in the following aspects: (1) contrastive stress is based on the Chinese tone syllables, and the emphasis on a certain language unit is pragmatic function, which is accidental and random; (2) the common stress in Chinese is realized by the tone syllable. Because the vowels are full, it is difficult to judge the stress of dicyllabic words. (3) it is short and weak because of the loss of the tone of the syllables, which is a kind of weak reading relative to the heavy syllable. Is a strong and weak contrast in a tone system.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H116;H311
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