基于语料库的物理运动事件类动趋式研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 20:10
【摘要】：动补结构是一项投入了很多学术力量的课题。从宏观的起源问题，古代汉语动补结构的整体研究，到微观的涉及动补结构的特殊句式的研究、补语的语义研究、虚化补语研究、补语与宾语关系的研究等等，学界无一不涉足,这些研究大部分从语言的语表和语里入手，注重的是动补结构本身的结构特征以及动补结构与其他语言现象的关系等。然而汉语是意合语言，除了结构特征之外，深层次的语义特征也极为重要。本文从语义的角度来探讨汉语表运动事件类动趋式这个大环境下谓语动词和趋向动词的省略问题，，并以此证明汉语是“核心语构架语言”。本文采用语料分析法，并通过Antconc软件统计表物理运动事件的动趋式、趋向动词以及移动类动词在不同语式、不同文体中的出现频率，以此证明汉语表运动事件类动趋式中语义核心趋向动词一般不能够省略，而结构核心大多可以省略这一事实。 汉语是注重意合的语言，汉语句子结构中的成分是可以省略的，如一个汉语句子的主语可以省略，只保留谓语动词。但是这个省略的主语必须是对话双方已知的旧信息，而未知的新信息是不能省略的，新信息是语义核心，是人们交流的目的所在。利用Antconc软件计算，汉语表运动事件的动趋式中，移动类动词单独表运动事件的频率较低，动趋式或者趋向动词表运动事件的频率较高，故趋向动词是运动事件的新信息，是其语义核心。笔者认为进行汉语分析时不应该照搬西方语言的研究方法，应该寻求符合汉语特点的研究方法。笔者认为语义核心相对于结构核心更能代表汉语的特征,因此判断汉语是“核心语构架语言”还是“附加语构架语言”的标准应该选取语义核心。
[Abstract]:The dynamic complement structure is a subject which has invested a lot of academic strength. From the macroscopic origin problem, the whole research of the Chinese verb-complement structure in ancient Chinese, to the microcosmic research of the special sentence structure involving the verb-complement structure, the semantic study of the complement, the study of the virtual complement, the study of the relationship between the complement and the object, and so on. Most of these researches begin with the language table and language, focusing on the structural characteristics of the verb-complement structure itself and the relationship between the move-complement structure and other linguistic phenomena. However, Chinese is a parataxis language, in addition to structural features, deep semantic features are also extremely important. From the semantic point of view, this paper discusses the ellipsis of predicate verbs and directional verbs in the general context of Chinese motion events, and proves that Chinese is the "core framework language". In this paper, we adopt the method of corpus analysis and use Antconc software to analyze the tendency of physical motion events, the frequency of moving verbs and moving verbs in different language forms and different styles. In this way, it is proved that the semantic core directional verb can not be omitted in the Chinese table motion event type trend, but the structural core can be omitted in most cases. Chinese is a language that pays attention to parataxis. The elements in Chinese sentence structure can be omitted, such as the subject of a Chinese sentence can be omitted, only the predicate verb can be retained. But the subject of this ellipsis must be the old information known by both sides of the dialogue, and the unknown new information cannot be omitted. The new information is the semantic core and the purpose of communication. By using Antconc software, the frequency of motion events of moving verbs is low, and the frequency of moving events is higher than that of moving verbs, so directional verbs are new information of motion events. Is its semantic core. The author thinks that the research method of western language should not be copied in the analysis of Chinese, and the research method should be in accordance with the characteristics of Chinese. The author believes that the semantic core is more representative of the characteristics of Chinese than the structural core, so the criteria for judging whether Chinese is a "core framing language" or "add-on framing language" should select the semantic core.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2328090
[Abstract]:The dynamic complement structure is a subject which has invested a lot of academic strength. From the macroscopic origin problem, the whole research of the Chinese verb-complement structure in ancient Chinese, to the microcosmic research of the special sentence structure involving the verb-complement structure, the semantic study of the complement, the study of the virtual complement, the study of the relationship between the complement and the object, and so on. Most of these researches begin with the language table and language, focusing on the structural characteristics of the verb-complement structure itself and the relationship between the move-complement structure and other linguistic phenomena. However, Chinese is a parataxis language, in addition to structural features, deep semantic features are also extremely important. From the semantic point of view, this paper discusses the ellipsis of predicate verbs and directional verbs in the general context of Chinese motion events, and proves that Chinese is the "core framework language". In this paper, we adopt the method of corpus analysis and use Antconc software to analyze the tendency of physical motion events, the frequency of moving verbs and moving verbs in different language forms and different styles. In this way, it is proved that the semantic core directional verb can not be omitted in the Chinese table motion event type trend, but the structural core can be omitted in most cases. Chinese is a language that pays attention to parataxis. The elements in Chinese sentence structure can be omitted, such as the subject of a Chinese sentence can be omitted, only the predicate verb can be retained. But the subject of this ellipsis must be the old information known by both sides of the dialogue, and the unknown new information cannot be omitted. The new information is the semantic core and the purpose of communication. By using Antconc software, the frequency of motion events of moving verbs is low, and the frequency of moving events is higher than that of moving verbs, so directional verbs are new information of motion events. Is its semantic core. The author thinks that the research method of western language should not be copied in the analysis of Chinese, and the research method should be in accordance with the characteristics of Chinese. The author believes that the semantic core is more representative of the characteristics of Chinese than the structural core, so the criteria for judging whether Chinese is a "core framing language" or "add-on framing language" should select the semantic core.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
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