哈尔滨方言词缀研究
发布时间：2018-11-13 07:27
【摘要】：哈尔滨方言属于东北官话区哈阜片，目前研究哈尔滨方言的论著多从语音、词汇、语法三个方面论述，对其词缀的专项研究很少，多数集中在某一类或某几个词缀的研究，缺少把多个词缀联系起来进行系统研究并且总结规律性的文章著作。 本文选取的例词来自哈尔滨市八区及周边市县人们常用的词语，运用描写与分析相结合的方法，先描写它们在共时层面的使用事实，，在此基础上进行解释，从语音、语义、语法方面分析其使用特点。然后运用共时比较方法，将哈尔滨方言词缀与普通话词缀进行比较，分析出两者在构词范围、读音变化、语义功能、语法功能、语体功能方面的异同，试图更加全面的研究哈尔滨方言词缀。 文章首先研究了哈尔滨方言中虚化程度不一的单音前缀，其中“精”“稀”“焦”“确”等虚化程度不高，尚处于语法化进程中。哈尔滨方言中的多音前缀大多为双音节，本文围绕XXA、XYA、XYAB三种形式进行研究，发现多音前缀的虚化程度很高。 关于现代汉语中是否存在中缀的争论一直没有停止过，本文认为哈尔滨方言中存在中缀，并且中缀数量丰富。单音中缀有“巴”“得”“里”“拉”“不”“个”，构成AXB、AXAB、AXBC、ABXC四种形式，使用频率最高的双音中缀是“拉巴”，构词能力很强，大多插入在双音节形容词中，这些插入了中缀的词语形象生动的表达了说话人的情绪，最能体现哈尔滨方言的特点。 哈尔滨方言中的后缀主要用来构成动词、形容词和副词。本文描述了常用的单音后缀“挺”“嗒”“咕”“拉”“巴”“性”“登”“实”“楞”“乎”“哧”“道”，在分析双音节后缀时将其分成AXX、ABXX、AXY、ABXY四种形式，逐一进行举例、分析。哈尔滨方言的多音节后缀大多附着名词或形容词词根，且多数为自由语素，通过分析，我们发现这类多音节后缀其实是由中缀和后缀两部分组成，大多含有贬义色彩，而且不受程度副词的修饰。 由于哈尔滨方言和普通话的界限不那么分明，所以受到的重视程度远远低于其他方言。本文力求通过对哈尔滨方言词缀的语料收集和现象分析，努力揭示哈尔滨方言词缀的特点以及与普通话词缀的区别，以便更好的了解哈尔滨方言，为我国的方言词汇研究提供一份切实的资料。
[Abstract]:Harbin dialect belongs to the Hafu film of the Northeast Mandarin area. At present, the works on Harbin dialect are mostly discussed from three aspects of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. The special research on affixes is rare, and most of them focus on one kind or several affixes. Lack of articles linking multiple affixes for systematic study and summarizing regularity. This article selects the example words from Harbin eight districts and the surrounding city and county people commonly used words, uses the description and the analysis method, first describes their use facts in the synchronic level, on this basis carries on the explanation, from the pronunciation, the semantic, Grammatical analysis of its use characteristics. Then, by means of synchronic comparison, this paper compares affixes in Harbin dialect with affixes in Putonghua, and analyzes their similarities and differences in terms of word-formation scope, phonetic changes, semantic functions, grammatical functions and stylistic functions. This paper tries to study the affixes in Harbin dialect more comprehensively. This paper first studies the monosyllabic prefixes with different degrees of deficiency in Harbin dialect, in which "refined", "sparse", "Jiao" and "true" are not high, and are still in the process of grammaticalization. In Harbin dialect, the polysyllabic prefixes are mostly disyllabic. This paper focuses on the three forms of XXA,XYA,XYAB, and finds that the polyphonic prefixes have a high degree of vacuity. The debate on the existence of affixes in modern Chinese has never stopped. This paper argues that there are insuffixes in Harbin dialect, and the number of affixes is abundant. The monosyllabic infix is "Ba", "de", "La", "not", and constitutes four forms of AXB,AXAB,AXBC,ABXC. The most frequently used binomial affix is "Raba", which has a strong word-formation ability, and is mostly inserted in dicyllabic adjectives. These words intercalated with affixes vividly express the speaker's emotions and best reflect the characteristics of Harbin dialect. Suffixes in Harbin dialect are mainly used to form verbs, adjectives and adverbs. This paper describes the common monosyllabic suffixes "quite", "Ta" goo "," pull "," Ba "," sex "," Deng "," real "," corrugated "," Qi "," Tao ", and divide them into four forms of AXX,ABXX,AXY,ABXY when analyzing the suffix of two-syllable. Give examples and analyze them one by one. The polysyllabic suffixes of Harbin dialect are mostly attached to the roots of nouns or adjectives, and most of them are free morphemes. Through analysis, we find that these polysyllabic suffixes are actually composed of two parts, the middle affixes and the suffixes, and most of them contain derogatory meanings. And is not modified by adverbs of degree. Because the boundary between Harbin dialect and Putonghua is not so clear, so the attention is far lower than other dialects. Through collecting and analyzing the corpus of affixes in Harbin dialect, this paper tries to reveal the characteristics of affixes in Harbin dialect and the differences between affixes and affixes in Putonghua in order to better understand Harbin dialect. To provide a practical data for the study of dialect vocabulary in China.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H172.1
本文编号：2328415
[Abstract]:Harbin dialect belongs to the Hafu film of the Northeast Mandarin area. At present, the works on Harbin dialect are mostly discussed from three aspects of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. The special research on affixes is rare, and most of them focus on one kind or several affixes. Lack of articles linking multiple affixes for systematic study and summarizing regularity. This article selects the example words from Harbin eight districts and the surrounding city and county people commonly used words, uses the description and the analysis method, first describes their use facts in the synchronic level, on this basis carries on the explanation, from the pronunciation, the semantic, Grammatical analysis of its use characteristics. Then, by means of synchronic comparison, this paper compares affixes in Harbin dialect with affixes in Putonghua, and analyzes their similarities and differences in terms of word-formation scope, phonetic changes, semantic functions, grammatical functions and stylistic functions. This paper tries to study the affixes in Harbin dialect more comprehensively. This paper first studies the monosyllabic prefixes with different degrees of deficiency in Harbin dialect, in which "refined", "sparse", "Jiao" and "true" are not high, and are still in the process of grammaticalization. In Harbin dialect, the polysyllabic prefixes are mostly disyllabic. This paper focuses on the three forms of XXA,XYA,XYAB, and finds that the polyphonic prefixes have a high degree of vacuity. The debate on the existence of affixes in modern Chinese has never stopped. This paper argues that there are insuffixes in Harbin dialect, and the number of affixes is abundant. The monosyllabic infix is "Ba", "de", "La", "not", and constitutes four forms of AXB,AXAB,AXBC,ABXC. The most frequently used binomial affix is "Raba", which has a strong word-formation ability, and is mostly inserted in dicyllabic adjectives. These words intercalated with affixes vividly express the speaker's emotions and best reflect the characteristics of Harbin dialect. Suffixes in Harbin dialect are mainly used to form verbs, adjectives and adverbs. This paper describes the common monosyllabic suffixes "quite", "Ta" goo "," pull "," Ba "," sex "," Deng "," real "," corrugated "," Qi "," Tao ", and divide them into four forms of AXX,ABXX,AXY,ABXY when analyzing the suffix of two-syllable. Give examples and analyze them one by one. The polysyllabic suffixes of Harbin dialect are mostly attached to the roots of nouns or adjectives, and most of them are free morphemes. Through analysis, we find that these polysyllabic suffixes are actually composed of two parts, the middle affixes and the suffixes, and most of them contain derogatory meanings. And is not modified by adverbs of degree. Because the boundary between Harbin dialect and Putonghua is not so clear, so the attention is far lower than other dialects. Through collecting and analyzing the corpus of affixes in Harbin dialect, this paper tries to reveal the characteristics of affixes in Harbin dialect and the differences between affixes and affixes in Putonghua in order to better understand Harbin dialect. To provide a practical data for the study of dialect vocabulary in China.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H172.1
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 孙也平,冯文洁;黑龙江方言多音后附式形容词探源[J];大庆高等专科学校学报;1995年03期
2 聂志平;《哈尔滨方言词典》中的两个问题[J];大庆师范学院学报;2005年01期
3 贺巍;;东北官话的分区(稿)[J];方言;1986年03期
4 郭正彦;;黑龙江方言分区略说[J];方言;1986年03期
5 王红梅;浅析东北方言中的前附式状态词[J];广西社会科学;2004年12期
6 朱亚军;现代汉语词缀的性质及其分类研究[J];汉语学习;2001年02期
7 王亚凤;;试析黑龙江方言中后附多音节词缀的四音节词语[J];牡丹江师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版);2007年06期
8 马彪;;哈尔滨方言状态词缀的类型学特征——兼与周边的满语等语言对比[J];满语研究;2009年01期
9 孙也平;附加式形容词散论——黑龙江方言附加式形容词研究之三[J];齐齐哈尔师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版);1985年03期
10 范庆华;;东北方言中附加式词[J];延边大学学报(哲学社会科学版);1992年02期
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 侯海霞;辽宁方言词缀研究[D];辽宁师范大学;2011年
2 王宁宁;汉语词缀“老”的研究[D];上海师范大学;2010年
本文编号：2328415
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/wenyilunwen/yuyanxuelw/2328415.html
