“脸面”的转喻与隐喻跨文化研究
发布时间：2018-11-13 13:10
【摘要】：概念隐喻理论认为体验是人类思维的基础。因为人们有着相似或相同的生理特征和体验基础,不同的文化会产生相近似的概念隐喻。但在另一方面,人们的思维不可避免地受到他们所处的文化环境的影响,因此各种文化会产生带有独特文化色彩的隐喻。本文在此理论基础上探索“脸隐喻”的产能性与文化因素之间的关系。 本文首先对“面”的语义扩展进行了历时研究。结果表明“面”的语义演变是基于"FACE FOR PERSON"、"FACE FOR FEELING"、"SIDE OF OBJECT IS FACE"、"SURFACE OF OBJECT IS FACE"等隐喻和转喻。这些转喻和隐喻的产生有着直接的体验基础,因此在不同的文化中其产能性都非常高。此外,“面”的语义扩展是一个渐进的过程,转喻在此过程中起着承上启下的作用。“面”和"FACE"的汉英对比研究显示在两种语言中脸的语义扩展遵循着相似的途径并有着相同的转喻和隐喻基础。 本文进一步对"POLITENESS"、"CONSCIENCE"、"SHAME"、"PRIDE"、"VANITY"、"PRESTIGE"等与“面子”、“脸”相关的抽象概念进行了考察。汉语中“面子”隐喻属于复杂隐喻且产能性高。这些隐喻是由多个基本隐喻融合而成。虽然基本隐喻有着普遍性的特征,但不同的文化对抽象概念有不同的理解,因此会选择便于表达自我文化特征的基本隐喻进行融合,这就是为什么“面子”隐喻在英语中非常缺乏的原因所在。 综上所述,体验是产生基本隐喻和转喻的基础。这些转喻和隐喻受文化因素的影响较小,因此在英语和汉语中产能性都比较高。象"PRESTIGE"这样高度抽象的概念是在基本隐喻和转喻融合后产生的,而复杂隐喻则是在此基础上进一步产生的。不同文化选择不同的基本隐喻和转喻,因此融合后的“面子”隐喻会在不同的文化中有不同的产能性。
[Abstract]:Conceptual metaphor theory holds that experience is the basis of human thinking. Because people have similar or the same physiological characteristics and experience basis, different cultures will produce similar conceptual metaphors. On the other hand, people's thinking is inevitably influenced by their cultural environment. Based on this theory, this paper explores the relationship between productivity and cultural factors of face metaphor. In this paper, the semantic extension of "face" is studied diachronically. The results show that the semantic evolution of "surface" is based on metaphor and metonymy such as "FACE FOR PERSON", "FACE FOR FEELING", "SIDE OF OBJECT IS FACE" and "SURFACE OF OBJECT IS FACE". These metonymy and metaphor have direct experience basis, so they are highly productive in different cultures. In addition, the semantic extension of "face" is a gradual process in which metonymy plays a connecting role. A contrastive study of "face" and "FACE" shows that the semantic expansion of face follows a similar approach and has the same metonymy and metaphorical basis in both languages. The abstract concepts of "POLITENESS", "CONSCIENCE", "SHAME", "PRIDE", "VANITY", "PRESTIGE" and "face" are further investigated in this paper. Face metaphor in Chinese is a complex metaphor with high productivity. These metaphors are made up of several basic metaphors. Although basic metaphors have universal characteristics, different cultures have different interpretations of abstract concepts, so they choose basic metaphors that are convenient to express their own cultural characteristics. This is why face metaphor is so lacking in English. To sum up, experience is the basis for producing basic metaphors and metonymy. These metonymy and metaphor are less influenced by cultural factors, so they are more productive in English and Chinese. Such highly abstract concepts as "PRESTIGE" are generated after the fusion of basic metaphor and metonymy, and complex metaphors are further developed on this basis. Different cultures choose different basic metaphors and metonymy, so the "face" metaphor after fusion will have different productivity in different cultures.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H315
本文编号：2329203
[Abstract]:Conceptual metaphor theory holds that experience is the basis of human thinking. Because people have similar or the same physiological characteristics and experience basis, different cultures will produce similar conceptual metaphors. On the other hand, people's thinking is inevitably influenced by their cultural environment. Based on this theory, this paper explores the relationship between productivity and cultural factors of face metaphor. In this paper, the semantic extension of "face" is studied diachronically. The results show that the semantic evolution of "surface" is based on metaphor and metonymy such as "FACE FOR PERSON", "FACE FOR FEELING", "SIDE OF OBJECT IS FACE" and "SURFACE OF OBJECT IS FACE". These metonymy and metaphor have direct experience basis, so they are highly productive in different cultures. In addition, the semantic extension of "face" is a gradual process in which metonymy plays a connecting role. A contrastive study of "face" and "FACE" shows that the semantic expansion of face follows a similar approach and has the same metonymy and metaphorical basis in both languages. The abstract concepts of "POLITENESS", "CONSCIENCE", "SHAME", "PRIDE", "VANITY", "PRESTIGE" and "face" are further investigated in this paper. Face metaphor in Chinese is a complex metaphor with high productivity. These metaphors are made up of several basic metaphors. Although basic metaphors have universal characteristics, different cultures have different interpretations of abstract concepts, so they choose basic metaphors that are convenient to express their own cultural characteristics. This is why face metaphor is so lacking in English. To sum up, experience is the basis for producing basic metaphors and metonymy. These metonymy and metaphor are less influenced by cultural factors, so they are more productive in English and Chinese. Such highly abstract concepts as "PRESTIGE" are generated after the fusion of basic metaphor and metonymy, and complex metaphors are further developed on this basis. Different cultures choose different basic metaphors and metonymy, so the "face" metaphor after fusion will have different productivity in different cultures.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H315
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
1 尹海良;;现代汉语方位类后缀“-头”和“-面”的认知考察[J];东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2008年04期
2 冯凌宇;;汉语“面”的词缀化考察[J];古汉语研究;2008年03期
3 向二兰;;“脸”的隐喻意义探源[J];外语学刊;2007年03期
4 卢卫中;人体隐喻化的认知特点[J];外语教学;2003年06期
，本文编号：2329203
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/wenyilunwen/yuyanxuelw/2329203.html
