比喻辞格的古今比较研究

发布时间：2018-11-16 10:24

【摘要】：比喻是人类语言中最重要的表达手段,是修辞学的重要组成部分,同时也是增强语言表达效果的主要方式。无论是在古代,还是在现代,无论是口头交际,还是书面写作,比喻都是人们经常使用的辞格。古今学者对这种辞格已经有了比较透彻的研究。但是,针对古今比喻对比研究的论著较为鲜见。因此,本论文的研究具有重大的理论意义和深远的现实意义,同时还具有较为广阔的研究空间。比喻辞格的古今对比研究有利于分析出古今比喻辞格在不同时期所赋予的不同喻义。通过对古今比喻辞格的定义、分类、个性特征、喻义等方面的分析,可以看出古代比喻辞格多是从功用性以及适用性的角度出发,当代比喻辞格多是从辞格本身的文本性以及创新性出发。比喻辞格的古今对比研究有利于更好地对比喻辞格进行使用。既吸收前人的研究成果,又不因循守旧,争取在运用过程中能有新的发展。比喻辞格的古今对比研究有利于分析出比喻辞格的历史演变过程。同时,不同时期的比喻辞格也反映出了汉民族语言文化在不同时期的演变历程。本文从语言学角度出发,以语体学及修辞学理论为指导,借鉴社会语言学、文化语言学、对比语言学、认知心理学及美学的相关理论对比喻辞格历时地进行比较分析,主要探讨古今比喻的定义、个性特征、喻义等几个方面,旨在从全新的角度阐述比喻辞格古今的异同,全文共分为六个部分：第一部分,引言,简要讨论了比喻辞格古今比较研究的现状和成果、目的、方法以及价值和创新之处。第二部分,论述古今比喻的定义、类型以及古今比喻分类的异同。第三部分,探讨古今比喻个性特征上的比较,包括古汉语中比喻的特征、现代汉语中比喻的特征。第四部分,探讨比喻辞格的古今喻义比较,包括以动物为喻体的喻义比较、以植物为喻体的喻义比较、以颜色为喻体的喻义比较以及比喻辞格古今设喻的比较。第五部分,深入探讨了古今比喻差异的原因,主要是不同认知思维形成的差异；本章还探究了古今比喻辞格的共性成分以及它与中华民族文化的传承关系。最后一部分是论文的结语,概括了前文并对论文中提出的问题进行了归纳升华。在本论文的研究过程中,笔者阅读了大量的历史及现当代文献,从先秦各派对比喻的学说到当代书面及口头所形成的比喻文化,配合以多种跨学科的研究方法,比如常用的归纳法、演绎法,宏观微观分析法等。通过各个方面的分析探讨,试图在本论文中形成个人的特色以及创新性研究成果。本论文的特色以及创新性研究成果在于：首先,在宏观方面,根据比喻辞格的几个要素进行了古今比喻辞格的对比分析总结：第一,古今学者在比喻辞格应用中所体现的不同特征。第二,古今学者在比喻辞格应用中所体现的不同喻义。其次,在微观方面,第一次从古今学者对世界的不同认识对古今比喻辞格的影响进行了对比分析总结。包括古今学者在审美价值、生活环境、历史文化、风俗习惯等各方面的差异。最后,通过列举大量的实例证明,得出了对古今比喻辞格的个人创新性见解,主要包括以下几点：第一,古今比喻辞格的共性成分。第二,古今比喻辞格的发展对汉民族语言文化演变的影响。
[Abstract]:The metaphor is the most important means of expression in human language, which is an important part of rhetoric, and is also the main way to enhance the effect of language expression. In ancient times, or in the modern, whether oral or written, the parables are often used by people. The ancient and modern scholars have made a thorough study of this kind of speech. However, the study of the comparative study of the ancient and modern metaphor is more fresh. Therefore, the research of this thesis has great theoretical and profound practical significance, and also has a wide research space. The comparative study of the comparison between the ancient and the modern of the figure of speech is helpful to the analysis of the differences that the ancient and modern parables have given in different times. Through the analysis of the definition, classification, personality and metonymy of the ancient and modern parables, it can be seen that the rhetoric of the ancient metaphor is from the angle of the function and the applicability. From the point of view, the comparative study of the comparison between the ancient and modern of the figure of speech is beneficial to the better comparison of the parables. It not only absorbs the research results of the predecessors, but also does not follow the old, so as to be able to have a new application in the process of application The comparative study of the comparison between the ancient and modern of the figure of speech is beneficial to the analysis of the historical evolution of the parables. At the same time, the rhetoric of the different times also reflects the evolution of the Chinese national language culture in different times This paper, based on the theory of linguistics, culture, linguistics, cognitive psychology and aesthetics, is based on the theory of linguistics, linguistics, comparative linguistics, cognitive psychology and aesthetics, and mainly discusses the ancient and modern times. The definition, the personality and the metonymy of the parables are designed to explain the similarities and differences between the ancient and modern of the figure from the new angle, and the whole text is divided into two parts. For six parts, the first part, the introduction, briefly discussed the present situation and the achievement, the purpose and the method of the comparative study of the metaphor and the ancient and modern. The second part discusses the definition and type of the ancient and modern parables. The similarities and differences in the classification of ancient and modern parables. The third part discusses the comparison of the characteristics of the ancient and modern parables, including the parables of the ancient Chinese. The characteristics of the parables in modern Chinese. The fourth part is to study the comparison of the ancient and modern metonymy of the parables, including the use of the metonymy of the animal as the metonymy, and the color as the metonymy. In the fifth part, the causes of the differences between the ancient and modern parables are discussed, and the differences between the different cognitive thinking are discussed. The common component of the thesis and its relationship with the Chinese culture. The last part is the conclusion of the paper. In the course of the research of this paper, the author has read a lot of historical and contemporary literature, and from the pre-Qin parties to the metaphor theory to the contemporary written and oral metaphor culture, in a variety of cross-disciplinary The method of research, such as commonly used inductive method, deduction method, and macro-micro-analysis method, etc. The analysis of various aspects in an attempt to form an individual's characteristic in this paper, and the innovative research results are as follows: first, in the first place, In the macroscopic aspect, the ancient and modern parables are made according to the elements of the figure of speech. A Summary of the Comparative Analysis of Lattice: The first, the ancient and modern scholars in the parables The different features embodied in the application. The second, the different meanings of the ancient and modern scholars in the application of the parables. In the micro aspect, the first time from the ancient and modern scholars to the different understanding of the world on the influence of the ancient and modern parables The summary of the comparative analysis includes the differences in the aesthetic value, the living environment, the historical culture, the customs and the like of the ancient and modern scholars. Finally, by listing a large number of real examples On the other hand, the author draws a personal and creative view of the ancient and modern parables, which mainly includes the following steps:
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15

【参考文献】