普通话儿童辅音习得个案研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 17:57

【摘要】：儿童的声母有规律成系统的异于成人的声母发音。声母习得偏误是具有共同生理基础的普通话儿童语音习得过程中一个普遍现象。本文在回顾国内外主要相关研究的基础上,对一名汉语普通话儿童3岁4个月到3岁10个月的声母偏误类型和数量进行了统计分析,不仅印证了已有结论,还从语言及生理因素方面分析了偏误形成的原因及规律。本研究还收集了另外一名3；10的儿童的语料进行横向对比研究。根据语料,被试产出的声母偏误类型包括两类：替换与脱落,其中替换类型包括塞音化、塞擦音化、X软腭音化、前移、后移、非送气化和半元音化。本文作者认为该名普通话儿童声母习得偏误具有以下规律：一是被试儿童处于不同发展阶段时所产出的声母偏误的类型和数量都有各阶段的特点；二是被试儿童声母习得的类型和数量与声母习得顺序的先后有一定的相关：三是普通话早期儿童声母习得偏误类型在出现频率上有高有低。在声母偏误成因方面,生理因素对于早期儿童语音发展的制约主要体现在一列生理支配次序之中,同时语言因素即儿童所要习得语言的发音难易度也是造成声母偏误产出的原因之一。这个研究结果为其他语言及普通话语音习得的其他个案研究提供了一个可比的对象,也是一个重要的补充,对于全面认识儿童语音习得的现象和规律具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:The initials of children are systematically different from those of adults. Consonant acquisition bias is a common phenomenon in Putonghua children's phonetic acquisition with common physiological basis. On the basis of reviewing the relevant studies at home and abroad, this paper makes a statistical analysis of the type and number of initial errors in a Chinese Putonghua child from 3 years old to 4 months old to 3 years old and 10 months old. The causes and rules of errors are also analyzed from the aspects of language and physiological factors. A comparative study was conducted on the language materials of another child. According to the corpus, there are two types of initial errors: substitution and shedding, among which the substitution types include stop-tone, corrugated, X soft palate, forward, backward, non-gasification and semi-vowel. The author thinks that the errors in the initial acquisition of the putonghua children have the following rules: first, the type and quantity of the initial errors produced by the children at different stages of development have the characteristics of each stage; Secondly, the type and quantity of initial consonant acquisition are related to the sequence of consonant acquisition; third, the frequency of errors in initial consonant acquisition is high and low. In the origin of initial errors, physiological factors mainly restrict the speech development of early children in a series of physiological dominating order. At the same time, the phonetic difficulty of children's acquisition of language is also one of the causes of initial errors. The results of this study provide a comparative object for other case studies on phonetic acquisition of other languages and Putonghua, and are also an important supplement to the comprehensive understanding of the phenomena and rules of children's phonetic acquisition.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H193.1

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