《子不语》双音词研究
发布时间：2018-12-24 06:52
【摘要】：清代是中国语言发展史上的一个重要时期，它是古代文言文的末端，是现代白话文产生的源头。清代的笔记小说作为活跃在民间的一种广为流传的文体，它较为全面地反映了当时语言的特点。其中，双音词的大量使用成为了这一时期语言的一个重要特征。分析清代笔记小说双音词，为我们认识清代语言特点与发展趋势奠定了坚实的基础。 本文旨在通过对清代笔记小说《子不语》中双音词的研究，发现清代双音词的结构模式及其特点，探寻汉语词汇发展的规律。研究中本文运用统计分析、共时与历时比较分析等方法，对《子不语》书中双音词数量、结构进行分类统计，并根据词义、语法等方面对其进行划分和分析，重点对双音合成词的词性和结构展开分析，并与历代双音词行了对比，总结出《子不语》中双音词的概貌和特点。 本文分为六个部分： 第一部分主要介绍选题的缘由与《子不语》相关背景知识，对《子不语》内容、作者、版本、研究现状、研究方法和双音词的判断标准的进行介绍。 第二部分分析《子不语》单纯词。根据单纯词内部两音节是否重叠将其分为重叠式单纯词和非重叠式单纯词。非重叠式单纯词根据词语来源，分为连绵词和音译词。连绵词中，按照双声叠韵的语音特点，，将其分为双声连绵词、叠韵连绵词和非双声叠韵连绵词。对这些单纯词进行词性和词义分析。 第三部分对《子不语》双音合成词展开分析。根据合成词两语素间的意义和结构关系，将其分为联合式、偏正式、支配式、主谓式、补充式、附加式和重叠式七种。对上述七类双音合成词分别进行词性和词义的分析。 第四部分对《子不语》双音词的语义进行分析，通过对《子不语》双音词中十类语义场分析，并与现代汉语语义进行对比，发现《子不语》双音词语义特点。 第五部分将《子不语》双音词与《西京杂记》、《北梦琐言》进行数量和结构的对比，与现代汉语进行语义的对比，总结归纳出《子不语》双音词在数量上逐渐增多、结构上趋于固定，语义上逐渐接近现代汉语的特点。 第六部分是文章的结语。对全文进行归纳并推测汉语发展趋势。清代汉语言复音化趋势明显，单音词数量减少，语义趋向于现代汉语。 通过本文的分析，希望能为语言学研究提供一点可以参考的资料。
[Abstract]:Qing Dynasty is an important period in the history of Chinese language development. It is the end of ancient classical Chinese and the source of modern vernacular writing. As a popular style of writing in the Qing Dynasty, the note-taking novels of the Qing Dynasty reflect the characteristics of the language at that time. Among them, the extensive use of bisyllabic words has become an important feature of language in this period. The analysis of dicyllabic words in the notebooks of Qing Dynasty lays a solid foundation for us to understand the language characteristics and development trend of Qing Dynasty. The purpose of this paper is to find out the structure pattern and characteristics of disyllabic words in Qing Dynasty by studying the disyllabic words in Qing Dynasty notebooks, and to find out the rules of the development of Chinese vocabulary. By means of statistical analysis, synchronic and diachronic comparative analysis, this paper classifies and statistics the number and structure of disyllabic words in the book, and classifies and analyzes them according to their meanings and grammar. This paper focuses on the analysis of part of speech and structure of disyllabic compound words, and compares them with the disyllabic words of past dynasties, and sums up the general features and characteristics of disyllabic words in Zi Buyu. This paper is divided into six parts: the first part mainly introduces the reason of choosing the topic and the background knowledge, introduces the content, the author, the edition, the research status, the research method and the judgment standard of the disyllabic words. The second part analyzes simple words. According to whether the two syllables of simple words overlap or not, they can be divided into reduplicated simple words and non-overlapping simple words. Non-overlapping simple words are divided into continuous words and transliterated words according to the source of the words. According to the phonetic characteristics of double-tone rhyme, it is divided into two-tone continuous words, repeated rhyme continuous words and non-double-tone rhyme words. The part of speech and the meaning of these simple words are analyzed. In the third part, the disyllabic compound words are analyzed. According to the meaning and structural relationship between the two morphemes of compound words, they are divided into seven types: joint, partial formality, dominant, subject-predicate, supplemental, additive and reduplicative. The part of speech and the meaning of the seven kinds of disyllabic compound words are analyzed respectively. In the fourth part, we analyze the semantics of "Zi Buyu" > "double syllable" words. By analyzing the ten kinds of semantic fields in "Zi Buyu > disyllabic words" and comparing them with the semantics of modern Chinese, we find that the meaning characteristics of "Zi Buyu > disyllabic words" are found. The fifth part contrasts the quantity and structure of "Zi Buyu", "Xijing Zaoji", "Beimenzhayan", and compares them with modern Chinese, and concludes that the number of "Zi Buyu" disyllabic words is increasing gradually. The structure tends to be fixed and the semantic approach to the characteristics of modern Chinese. The sixth part is the conclusion of the article. This paper sums up the full text and speculates the development trend of Chinese. In the Qing Dynasty, the trend of polyphonation was obvious, the number of monosyllabic words decreased, and the semantics tended to modern Chinese. Through the analysis of this paper, we hope to provide some reference materials for linguistic research.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H134
本文编号：2390294
[Abstract]:Qing Dynasty is an important period in the history of Chinese language development. It is the end of ancient classical Chinese and the source of modern vernacular writing. As a popular style of writing in the Qing Dynasty, the note-taking novels of the Qing Dynasty reflect the characteristics of the language at that time. Among them, the extensive use of bisyllabic words has become an important feature of language in this period. The analysis of dicyllabic words in the notebooks of Qing Dynasty lays a solid foundation for us to understand the language characteristics and development trend of Qing Dynasty. The purpose of this paper is to find out the structure pattern and characteristics of disyllabic words in Qing Dynasty by studying the disyllabic words in Qing Dynasty notebooks, and to find out the rules of the development of Chinese vocabulary. By means of statistical analysis, synchronic and diachronic comparative analysis, this paper classifies and statistics the number and structure of disyllabic words in the book, and classifies and analyzes them according to their meanings and grammar. This paper focuses on the analysis of part of speech and structure of disyllabic compound words, and compares them with the disyllabic words of past dynasties, and sums up the general features and characteristics of disyllabic words in Zi Buyu. This paper is divided into six parts: the first part mainly introduces the reason of choosing the topic and the background knowledge, introduces the content, the author, the edition, the research status, the research method and the judgment standard of the disyllabic words. The second part analyzes simple words. According to whether the two syllables of simple words overlap or not, they can be divided into reduplicated simple words and non-overlapping simple words. Non-overlapping simple words are divided into continuous words and transliterated words according to the source of the words. According to the phonetic characteristics of double-tone rhyme, it is divided into two-tone continuous words, repeated rhyme continuous words and non-double-tone rhyme words. The part of speech and the meaning of these simple words are analyzed. In the third part, the disyllabic compound words are analyzed. According to the meaning and structural relationship between the two morphemes of compound words, they are divided into seven types: joint, partial formality, dominant, subject-predicate, supplemental, additive and reduplicative. The part of speech and the meaning of the seven kinds of disyllabic compound words are analyzed respectively. In the fourth part, we analyze the semantics of "Zi Buyu" > "double syllable" words. By analyzing the ten kinds of semantic fields in "Zi Buyu > disyllabic words" and comparing them with the semantics of modern Chinese, we find that the meaning characteristics of "Zi Buyu > disyllabic words" are found. The fifth part contrasts the quantity and structure of "Zi Buyu", "Xijing Zaoji", "Beimenzhayan", and compares them with modern Chinese, and concludes that the number of "Zi Buyu" disyllabic words is increasing gradually. The structure tends to be fixed and the semantic approach to the characteristics of modern Chinese. The sixth part is the conclusion of the article. This paper sums up the full text and speculates the development trend of Chinese. In the Qing Dynasty, the trend of polyphonation was obvious, the number of monosyllabic words decreased, and the semantics tended to modern Chinese. Through the analysis of this paper, we hope to provide some reference materials for linguistic research.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H134
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本文编号：2390294
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