中级汉语精读教材语料难度的定量分析

发布时间：2019-01-14 06:58

【摘要】：本文在整理目前中级汉语精读教材语料选择方面存在问题的基础上，引进和借鉴国内外易读性研究的理论和实践成果，探讨和分析了影响中级汉语精读教材语料难度的各种因素。并从汉字、词汇、句法和语篇四个层面，首次比较系统地提出了八项影响中级汉语精读教材的语言变量。它们是平均每百字丙级、丁级、超纲字数，每篇课文的生词量，平均每百字丙级、丁级、超纲词数，每册课本实词和虚词的数量，每百字平均固定词组（包括固定格式）数，，平均句长，平均每百字丙级（含丙级）以上的语法项目数以及篇长。在此基础上，本文选取了目前国内使用范围最广，影响力最大的两套中级汉语精读教材即《桥梁——实用汉语中级教程》上、下册和《发展——中级汉语》上、下册进行定量分析，初步探讨了中级汉语精读教材在汉字、词汇、句法和语篇层面难度水平的适度区域，统计结果显示中级汉语精读教材语料难度的取值范围，分别是平均每百字丙级、丁级、超纲字为12-18个，均值是14.83个；每课的生词量为59-77个，均值是66.78个；平均每百字丙级、丁级、超纲词数为12-13个，均值是12.22个；平均每百字固定词组数在1个以内，均值是0.31个；虚词占实词、虚词总量的比例在1%-5%之间，均值是2.76%；平均句长在25-34字之间，均值是29.37字；平均每百字丙级以上语法项目不超过1个，均值是0.60个；上册课文的篇长在1200-1500字之间，均值是1351字，下册课文的篇长控制在2400-2600字之间，均值是2520字。最后，本文归纳和总结了当前中级汉语精读教材语料难度方面的相关问题，并结合上述两套教材的统计结果以及其他一些语言专家的建议，试图提出一些解决问题的合理化建议。期望给教材的编写者在选择和编排语料时，以及教材的使用者在挑选合适的中级汉语精读教材时提供一些客观的、可量化的参考标准。此外，希望本文分析的影响中级汉语精读教材的语言变量和一些统计数据对日后的中级汉语教材易读性公式研究提供一些参考变量和数据支持。文中最后指出本文存在的一些不足之处以及未来的研究方向。
[Abstract]:This paper introduces and draws lessons from the theoretical and practical achievements of readability research at home and abroad on the basis of sorting out the existing problems in the selection of corpus for the intermediate Chinese intensive reading textbooks. This paper discusses and analyzes the factors affecting the data difficulty of intermediate Chinese intensive reading textbooks. From the four levels of Chinese characters, vocabulary, syntax and discourse, eight language variables which influence the intensive reading of intermediate Chinese are put forward systematically for the first time. They are the average number of words per hundred words, grade C, grade D, supersyllabus, the number of words generated per text, the average number of words per hundred words, the number of words in grade D, the number of words in excess of outline, the number of words and words in each textbook, and the average number of fixed phrases (including fixed forms) per hundred words. The average sentence length, the average number of grammatical items and the length of the text per hundred words above grade C (including grade C). On this basis, this paper selects two sets of intensive reading textbooks of Intermediate Chinese, which are the most widely used and most influential in China at present, namely "Bridge practical Chinese Intermediate course", "the next Book" and "Development-Intermediate Chinese". Quantitative analysis is carried out in the next volume, and the appropriate region of the difficulty level at the level of Chinese characters, vocabulary, syntax and discourse is preliminarily discussed. The statistical results show the range of the difficulty of the intermediate Chinese intensive reading textbook. The average value of each word is C, D, 12-18, the average value is 14.83; The average number of words in each class is 59-77, the average is 66.78, the average number of words per hundred words is 12-13, the average is 12.22, the average number of fixed words per hundred words is less than one, the average is 0.31; The proportion of function words to notional words is between 1% and 5%, the average value is 2.76, the average sentence length is between 25 and 34 words, the average is 29.37 words, the average number of grammatical items is less than one per hundred words, the average is 0.60. The length of the first text is between 1200 and 1500 words, the average is 1351 words, and the length of the next text is between 2400-2600 words, the average is 2520 words. Finally, this paper summarizes and summarizes the problems related to the data difficulty of the current Intermediate Chinese intensive Reading textbooks, and combines the statistical results of the two sets of textbooks and the suggestions of some other language experts. Try to put forward some reasonable suggestions to solve the problem. It is hoped that some objective and quantifiable reference standards will be provided to the compilers of the textbook when selecting and arranging the corpus and the users of the textbook to choose the appropriate intermediate Chinese intensive reading materials. In addition, it is hoped that the language variables and some statistical data that this paper analyses will provide some reference variables and data support for the future study of readability formula of Intermediate Chinese textbooks. At the end of this paper, some shortcomings and future research directions are pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.4

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