现代汉语“拿A当B”构式研究

发布时间：2019-02-13 01:39

【摘要】：现代汉语“拿A当B”是一个很重要的构式，它和其他构式一样，有常量也有变量。作为一个开放性的构式，“拿A当B”有两种不同的意义，，一种是作为修辞构式的构式义，还有一种是能够从构成成分中推倒出的意义。两种不同意义的“拿A当B”表现出各自的形式特点。本文在前人的研究基础上，运用构式理论和焦点理论，采用归纳概括的分析方法对“拿A当B”的形式特点、语义、语用进行全面系统的考察。首先，文章对现代汉语“拿A当B”的形式特点进行分析、描写，包括常量“拿”和“当”以及变量“A”和“B”。概括能够出现在变量“A”和“B”的构成成分有哪些，并且解释这些成分能够出现在变量“A”和“B”位置上的成因。分析“拿A当B”的结构关系及其否定形式，阐释“拿A当B”否定形式多样性的原因。其次，从语义角度分析了现代汉语“拿A当B”意义。归纳总结变量“A”和“B”的两种主要的语义关系，分析“A”和“B”的有定和无定。再次，变量“A”和“B”具有焦点和话题的特征，因此，论文第三章从语用角度分析“拿A当B”的话题和焦点情况。“拿A当B”是一个主观性的构式，除了分析它的话题和焦点外，还需要从语用角度分析“拿A当B”的主观性。最后，“拿A当B”和“把A当B”有很多相似之处，文章最后一部分通过对“拿A当B”和“把A当B”的比较分析，得出两者的异同。本文致力于实现形式与意义、描写与解释、结构与功能相结合，力求多方位、多角度揭示“拿A当B”的性质、特征及功能，希望以此深化对这种特殊表达方式的全面认识，为汉语的多元化表达提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Taking A as B is a very important construction in modern Chinese. Like other constructions, it has variables as well as constants. As an open construction, "taking A as B" has two different meanings, one is the constructional meaning of rhetorical construction, and the other is the meaning that can be pushed out of the composition. Two different meanings of "A as B" show their own formal characteristics. On the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a comprehensive and systematic study of the formal characteristics, semantics and pragmatics of "A as B" by using the theory of construction and focus theory and the method of inductive and general analysis. First of all, the paper analyzes and describes the formal characteristics of "taking A as B" in modern Chinese, including constant "Na" and "Dang" and variables "A" and "B". It summarizes the components of the variables "A" and "B", and explains the causes of these components appearing in the position of the variables "A" and "B". This paper analyzes the structural relationship and negative forms of "Na A when B", and explains the reasons for the variety of negative forms of "na A when B". Secondly, it analyzes the meaning of taking A as B in modern Chinese from the semantic point of view. This paper sums up the two main semantic relations of variable "A" and "B", and analyzes the fixed and indefinite relations of "A" and "B". Thirdly, the variables "A" and "B" have the characteristics of focus and topic. Therefore, the third chapter analyzes the topic and focus of "taking A as B" from the pragmatic point of view. "taking A as B" is a subjective construction. Besides analyzing its topic and focus, it is also necessary to analyze the subjectivity of "taking A as B" from a pragmatic point of view. Finally, there are many similarities between "taking A as B" and "taking A as B". In the last part of the article, we find the similarities and differences between "taking A as B" and "taking A as B". This paper is devoted to realizing the combination of form and meaning, description and explanation, structure and function, and tries to reveal the nature, characteristics and functions of "Na A as B" from many aspects and angles, hoping to deepen the comprehensive understanding of this special expression. To provide a theoretical basis for the diversified expression of Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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