现代汉语概数范畴研究

发布时间：2019-02-23 16:58

【摘要】：概数的表达,是模糊量的表达方式之一。世界上任何一种语言都有对概数的表示方法,这是因为人们的认知能力有限,而我们生活的世界却是无限的,需要我们不断地去认知去探索的,这样便使有些事物的数词或者说量化的结果不完全,而我们在日常交际中往往还需要表达我们的想法,这时候概数的出现使问题迎刃而解了,汉语也不例外。本文以“现代汉语概数”,以其为研究焦点对象,考察与现代汉语概数相关的问题。全文总共分为六章,具体如下:第一部分为引言,主要介绍的是选题的缘由、现代汉语中概数研究的现状和取得的成绩,并在综合总结前人的基础上提出本文研究的意义及其使用的研究方法和语料来源。第一章主要讨论的是前人对概数定义和概数范畴归属的问题,在此基础上对“概数”重新概括定义,肯定了概数应属于语义范畴,并归纳总结概数范畴的五个特点。第二章一方面从本体、客体、人类社会三个方面分析概数产生的原因,另一方面从句法层面分析概数助词的词类归属问题。第三章和第四章总结归纳常用概数的表示方法。第五章运用归纳与演绎相结合的方法,以言语交际中的实例为依据总结概数表达的四种区间取值范围。第六章从概数表达的经济性、合作性、礼貌性和自我保护性、认知角度的范畴化四个方面来表达概数在具体的语言使用中的语用价值。本文以概数为研究对象,从句法、语义、语用三大方面进行分类总结,运用定量与定性相结合、描写与分析相结合、归纳与演绎相结合的方法,力求从语法、语义、语用三大方面对概数范畴进行全方位的阐述。
[Abstract]:The expression of estimate is one of the expressions of fuzzy quantity. Every language in the world has a way of expressing estimates, because people's cognitive abilities are limited, and the world we live in is infinite and requires us to continue to understand and explore. In this way, the numerals or quantification results of some things are not complete, and we often need to express our ideas in our daily communication. At this time, the problem can be easily solved by the appearance of estimates, and Chinese is no exception. In this paper, we focus on Modern Chinese estimates and examine the problems related to them. The full text is divided into six chapters, as follows: the first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the reason of the topic, the present situation and achievements of the research on the approximate number in modern Chinese. On the basis of summing up the predecessors, this paper puts forward the significance of the research, the research methods and the source of the corpus. In the first chapter, the author mainly discusses the definition of estimate and the attribution of the category of estimate. On this basis, the author redefines the definition of "estimate", affirms that the estimate should belong to semantic category, and sums up the five characteristics of the category of estimate. The second chapter analyzes the causes of the estimate from three aspects: ontology, object and human society, on the other hand, analyzes the attribution of the part of speech of the approximate auxiliary from the syntactic level. The third and fourth chapters summarize the expression methods of common estimates. The fifth chapter uses the method of inductive and deductive to sum up the range of four intervals in terms of examples in verbal communication. The sixth chapter expresses the pragmatic value of the estimate in specific language use from four aspects: economy, cooperation, politeness and self-protection, and categorization of cognitive perspective. This paper, taking the estimate as the research object, classifies and summarizes it from three aspects: syntax, semantics and pragmatics, combines quantitative and qualitative analysis, description and analysis, induces and deduces, and tries its best to combine grammar and semantics. The three aspects of pragmatics give an all-round exposition of the category of estimate.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H136

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