明清白话小说范围副词研究

发布时间：2019-04-01 10:09

【摘要】：范围副词是汉语副词的一个重要次类,尽管学术界对它做了大量的研究工作,但多是对专书范围副词和单个范围副词的考究,对范围副词在某一特定历史时期的运用情况考察研究的不多。明清时期是近代汉语过渡到现代汉语的重要阶段,这一时期的范围副词体系是不同历史和不同方言产生的范围副词融合成的整体。对明清白话小说中范围副词系统的考察,对汉语史中范围副词发展史研究有重要的参考意义。本文是在前人研究的基础之上,以明清时期白话小说中的范围副词为基本语料,采用共时与历时相结合的方法,从共时的角度分析其所出现范围副词的语义指向、组合功能、句法分布和语体选择,从历时的角度利用语法化理论和语义研究理论分析其来源,力求对这一时期汉语范围副词使用概况做一个较为系统、全面地考察研究。本文共包括五个部分,构架如下：第一章为绪论。简要介绍了前人对汉语范围副词研究现状及存在问题。依据语义、语法与语用功能差异将范围副词分为“表总括”“表限定”“表类同”“表统计”四类。简单介绍明清时期白话小说语言在整个汉语史中的地位以及研究它的意义所在等等。第二章为共时研究。按范围副词的四个类型将明清时期白话小说中出现的范围副词分别描写。描写分析每个词语的语义指向、组合功能、句法分布和语体的选择。精细描写明清时期才出现的范围副词,以及在小说中出现的方言范围副词。第三章为历时研究。依照汉语史的分期利用语法化理论(歧变原则、渐进原则等)和语用学理论(义素分析法等),探讨明清白话小说中出现范围副词的来源及历史演变。重点论述明清时期出现的特色范围副词和一些同时可以兼表几个次类的范围副词的来源和演变。第四章为副词共现研究。考察明清时期范围副词内部以及它与其他类副词的共现情况,探讨大部分范围副词并用现象消失的原因。重点论述少量并用现象一直保持至今的原因,以及连用过程中的非常规语序,探究其原因。第五章为结语部分。依据文章前面章节的论述,对明清时期白话小说中出现的范围副词有一个全面的概述,对有待进一步研究课题进行思考。
[Abstract]:Scope adverb is an important subcategory of Chinese adverbs. Although academic circles have done a lot of research on it, most of them are the research of special scope adverbs and single scope adverbs. There are few studies on the application of scope adverbs in a specific historical period. Ming and Qing dynasties is an important stage in the transition from modern Chinese to modern Chinese. The range adverb system in this period is a whole of the range adverbs produced by different history and dialects. The investigation of the scope adverb system in the vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties is of great significance to the study of the development history of the scope adverbs in the history of Chinese. On the basis of previous studies, this paper takes the scope adverbs in the vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties as the basic corpus, adopts the method of synchronic and diachronic combination, and analyzes the semantic orientation and combinatorial function of the scope adverbs from the synchronic point of view. Syntactic distribution and stylistic selection, from the diachronic point of view, use grammaticalization theory and semantic research theory to analyze its origin, and try to make a systematic and comprehensive study on the general situation of the use of Chinese scope adverbs in this period. This paper consists of five parts, the structure is as follows: the first chapter is the introduction. This paper briefly introduces the current situation and existing problems of the former research on Chinese scope adverbs. According to semantic, grammatical and pragmatic functional differences, scope adverbs are divided into four categories: "table summary", "table qualification", "table category" and "table statistics". This paper briefly introduces the position of vernacular novel language in the whole Chinese history in Ming and Qing dynasties and the significance of studying it and so on. The second chapter is synchronic study. According to the four types of scope adverbs, the scope adverbs appeared in the vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties are described respectively. Describe and analyze the semantic orientation, combinatorial function, syntactic distribution and stylistic choice of each word. A detailed description of the scope adverbs appeared in Ming and Qing dynasties, as well as the dialect scope adverbs appeared in the novel. The third chapter is diachronic research. According to the theory of grammaticalization (ambiguity principle, gradual principle, etc.) and pragmatics theory (semantic analysis, etc.), this paper discusses the origin and historical evolution of adverbs of scope in the vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties according to the stages of Chinese history. This paper focuses on the origin and evolution of the characteristic scope adverbs and some scope adverbs which can also be used in several subcategories in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The fourth chapter is the study of co-occurrence of adverbs. This paper investigates the interior of scope adverbs in Ming and Qing dynasties and its co-occurrence with other adverbs, and probes into the reasons for the disappearance of most scope adverbs in combination with other adverbs. This paper focuses on the reasons why a small number of concomitant phenomena have been maintained up to now, and the unconventional word order in the process of continuous use, and probes into its reasons. The fifth chapter is the conclusion. According to the previous chapter of the article, there is a comprehensive overview of the scope adverbs in the vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146

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