《论语集解》四家注训诂比较与分析

发布时间：2019-05-03 19:33

【摘要】：《论语集解》是最早且保存较为完整的《论语》注本。它开创了“集解”体式，收集了大量的汉魏时期《论语》注条，包括孔安国、马融、郑玄等著名经学家的《论语》注说，为后世留下了宝贵的训诂研究材料。由于时代不同，所受当时学风影响与继承情况不同，《论语集解》所收录注家表现出各自不同的训诂特点。本文以北京大学出版社《十三经注疏·论语注疏》（标点本、简体本）为底本，，对《论语集解》中孔安国注、马融注、郑玄注、何晏注进行训诂分析比较。本文对四家注的训诂方法、训诂内容、训诂术语分别进行比较分析：一是对四家注训诂方法的比较，包括声训、义训方法的比较；二是对四家注训诂内容的比较，包括字词训诂、句义训诂、语法解释、修辞解释等方面的比较；三是对四家注训诂术语的比较，包括用于解释词义的术语、用于解释句义的术语、用于解释音义关系的术语以及其它术语的比较。通过对四家注训诂方法、训诂内容、训诂术语的比较，归纳出四家注训诂的几个显著特点，如声训的特点、引书的特点及其形成原因等。此外，还总结了四家注所反映的汉魏时训诂的发展和转变，例如：魏时对两汉字词训诂、名物训诂的继承；由西汉至东汉魏时声训术语的发展；由两汉以义释经到魏时以义理释经的转变。本文不仅从宏观角度对《论语集解》四家注特点进行归纳，还从微观角度对例证进行分析，使用比较、归纳的方法对四家注训诂材料进行梳理，以求得到可靠的结论。
[Abstract]:The Analects of Analects is the earliest and more complete text of the Analects of Analects. It created the style of "collection and interpretation" and collected a large number of notes to the Analects of Confucius in the Han and Wei dynasties, including the notes of Confucius by Kong Anguo, Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan, which left valuable exegetical research materials for later generations. Due to the different times, the influence of the style of study at that time and the inheritance situation are different, and the annotators in the Analects of Analects show different exegetical characteristics. In this paper, the author makes an exegetical analysis and comparison of Kong Anguo, Ma Rongzhu, Zheng Xuanzhu and he Yan's notes in the Analects of Analects (punctuation, simplified text) on the basis of the 13 Scripture Notes and Analects notes of Peking University Publishing House (Peking University Press). This paper makes a comparative analysis of the exegetical methods, contents and terms of the four exegetical notes: first, the comparison of the exegetical methods of the four schools, including the comparison of the methods of sound training and the method of exegesis, and the comparison of the methods of exegesis. The second is the comparison of the four exegetical contents, including word exegesis, sentence exegesis, grammatical interpretation, rhetoric explanation and so on. The third is the comparison of the four exegetical terms, including the term used to explain the meaning of the word, the term used to explain the meaning of the sentence, the term used to explain the relationship between sound and meaning, and the comparison of other terms. Through the comparison of the four exegetical methods, the contents and the terms of exegesis, this paper sums up some notable features of the four exegetical methods, such as the characteristics of sound training, the characteristics of quoted books and the reasons for their formation. In addition, it also summarizes the development and transformation of the exegesis of the Han and Wei dynasties reflected in the four notes, such as: the exegesis of the two Chinese characters, the inheritance of the exegesis of the names and objects, the development of the vocal training terms from the Western Han Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Wei Dynasty. Changes in interpretation of scriptures from Han Dynasty to Wei Dynasty. This paper not only sums up the characteristics of the four notes from the macroscopic point of view, but also analyzes the examples from the microscopic point of view, and uses the method of induction to sort out the four exegetical materials in order to get a reliable conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H131

【参考文献】