现代汉语“P是P，Q”格式多维考察
发布时间：2019-06-01 16:38
【摘要】：第1章提出本文研究的对象，即同语句式“P是P，Q”。通过收索例句发现该格式存在古今中外的话语中，但学界公认的对语言解释力较强的生成语法对这类语句却束手无策，这表明该句式有其全面研究的必要。该部分提出了研究的目的，从多个维度进行全面分析，以期了解该句式得以形成机制，而且力求对学界有关该句式的某些解释加以修正，对未解决的问题尝试分析。同时，这部分包括研究综述、研究意义的具体说明。 第2章对“P是P，Q”的形式和语义进行全面分析。具体为，是前有无副词、“P是P”的项数、可纳入P位置的词性分类、多项“P是P”之间的语义关系、“P是P”与“Q”之间的语义关系、“P是P”中是的语义再定位，“是”前副词对同语句的影响等内容。在这章笔者对同语句中的是的语义进行了重新定位，指出了同语句中的“是”并非为《现代汉语词典》、《现代汉语八百词》等极具有代表性词典所解释的连词表转折，而是表判断。同时，通过对例句改写和比较，证明“是”前副词对同语句的合法性是有制约的，并非可有可无。 第3章研究的着眼点为“P是P，Q”顺承式同语句。这类同语句的“P”多为体词，具体表现为名词、代词、数量词，其中以名词居多，使用频繁，且“是”前多有副词。本章主要分析点为“P是P”如何与“Q”进行有效衔接及受话者对该类句式的理解机制。这章我们对该类同语句的类别进行了划分，从“前P”和“后P”具有等值的角度，将其分为两类。从名词P的内涵意义和可及性角度提出了该类同语句式得以形成和理解的机制。对衔接项“Q”表内涵意义和理性意义的两类句式加以区别，提出从狭义的角度看，“Q”若表理性意义并非为同语句式。 第4章将“P是P，Q”的转折性同语句置于应答句框架内进行研究。提出了“P是P”与“Q”之间存在正负相对性，而且提出该类句式符合“引发—应答”模式，具有礼貌的效用。同时，提出关于该类句式不可忽略的两个问题，一是正负相对性的认知差异，，一是“后P”前置量词的贬值作用。第二个问题的提出是为了解决学界关于同语句中量词效用的界定问题，结合全文的分析提出量词具有贬值作用。 第5章对第1章提出副词对同语句的合法性制约问题进行分析，通过例句的转换，我们对“是”前副词句法制约性有了进一步认识，在此基础上我们对副词的可纳入机制及其效用进行了分析，指出某些副词之所以可纳入其中是因为这些副词与语句的语义相契合，同时指出同语式“是”前副词为凸显同语句表达说话人观点的语法化手段。 最后对全文加以总结，主要对本文的重点和创新之处加以归纳，同时指出本文未能解决的问题，仅提出笔者的初步认识，待另文详述。
[Abstract]:Chapter 1 puts forward the object of this study, that is, the same sentence pattern "P is P, Q". It is found that the format exists in ancient and modern discourse at home and abroad, but the generative grammar, which is recognized by scholars as having a strong explanatory power in language, is helpless to this kind of sentence, which indicates that the sentence pattern is necessary for a comprehensive study. This part puts forward the purpose of the study, makes a comprehensive analysis from many dimensions, in order to understand the formation mechanism of the sentence pattern, and tries to revise some interpretations of the sentence pattern in academic circles and try to analyze the unresolved problems. At the same time, this part includes the research summary, the research significance concrete explanation. Chapter 2 makes a comprehensive analysis of the form and semantics of "P is P, Q". Specifically, the number of items with or without adverbs, "P is P" can be included in the part-of-speech classification of P position, the semantic relationship between multiple terms "P is P", and the semantic relationship between "P is P" and "Q". The semantic repositioning of "P is P" and the influence of the adverbs before "P" on the same sentence. In this chapter, the author repositions the semantics of yes in the same sentence, and points out that the "yes" in the same sentence is not a turning point in the conjunction list explained by the most representative dictionaries, such as "Modern Chinese Dictionary" and "800 words in Modern Chinese". It's a watch of judgment. At the same time, through the rewriting and comparison of the example sentence, it is proved that the adverb before "is" restricts the legitimacy of the same sentence, and is not optional. In chapter 3, the focus of the study is "P is P, Q". Most of the "P" of this kind of sentence are aspect words, which are embodied in nouns, pronouns and quantitative words, most of which are nouns and frequently used, and there are adverbs before "yes". This chapter mainly analyzes how "P is P" and "Q" effectively connect with "Q" and the understanding mechanism of this kind of sentence pattern. In this chapter, we divide the categories of similar statements into two categories from the point of view of the equivalence of "front P" and "post P". From the point of view of the connotation, meaning and accessibility of noun P, this paper puts forward the mechanism of forming and understanding this kind of sentence pattern. This paper distinguishes the two kinds of sentence patterns of connotation meaning and rational meaning of "Q" table, and puts forward that "Q" if the rational meaning is not the same sentence pattern from a narrow sense point of view. In chapter 4, the turning point sentence of "P is P, Q" is studied in the framework of response sentence. It is proposed that there is a positive and negative relativity between "P is P" and "Q", and it is proposed that this kind of sentence pattern accords with the "trigger-response" model and has polite utility. At the same time, two problems about this kind of sentence pattern can not be ignored, one is the cognitive difference of positive and negative relativity, the other is the devaluation of "post P" antecedent. The second problem is to solve the problem of defining the utility of classifiers in the same sentence in order to solve the problem of defining the utility of classifiers in the same sentence. Combined with the analysis of the full text, it is proposed that classifiers have the function of devaluation. Chapter 5 analyzes the legitimacy restriction of adverbs to the same sentence in chapter 1, and through the transformation of example sentences, we have a further understanding of the legal nature of adverbs before "yes". On this basis, we analyze the inclusive mechanism and utility of adverbs, and point out that some adverbs can be included because these adverbs coincide with the semantics of sentences. At the same time, it is pointed out that the antecedent adverb is a grammaticalization means to highlight the same sentence to express the speaker's point of view. Finally, this paper summarizes the full text, mainly summarizes the focus and innovation of this paper, and points out the problems that can not be solved in this paper, only puts forward the author's preliminary understanding, to be detailed in the other article.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146.3
[Abstract]:Chapter 1 puts forward the object of this study, that is, the same sentence pattern "P is P, Q". It is found that the format exists in ancient and modern discourse at home and abroad, but the generative grammar, which is recognized by scholars as having a strong explanatory power in language, is helpless to this kind of sentence, which indicates that the sentence pattern is necessary for a comprehensive study. This part puts forward the purpose of the study, makes a comprehensive analysis from many dimensions, in order to understand the formation mechanism of the sentence pattern, and tries to revise some interpretations of the sentence pattern in academic circles and try to analyze the unresolved problems. At the same time, this part includes the research summary, the research significance concrete explanation. Chapter 2 makes a comprehensive analysis of the form and semantics of "P is P, Q". Specifically, the number of items with or without adverbs, "P is P" can be included in the part-of-speech classification of P position, the semantic relationship between multiple terms "P is P", and the semantic relationship between "P is P" and "Q". The semantic repositioning of "P is P" and the influence of the adverbs before "P" on the same sentence. In this chapter, the author repositions the semantics of yes in the same sentence, and points out that the "yes" in the same sentence is not a turning point in the conjunction list explained by the most representative dictionaries, such as "Modern Chinese Dictionary" and "800 words in Modern Chinese". It's a watch of judgment. At the same time, through the rewriting and comparison of the example sentence, it is proved that the adverb before "is" restricts the legitimacy of the same sentence, and is not optional. In chapter 3, the focus of the study is "P is P, Q". Most of the "P" of this kind of sentence are aspect words, which are embodied in nouns, pronouns and quantitative words, most of which are nouns and frequently used, and there are adverbs before "yes". This chapter mainly analyzes how "P is P" and "Q" effectively connect with "Q" and the understanding mechanism of this kind of sentence pattern. In this chapter, we divide the categories of similar statements into two categories from the point of view of the equivalence of "front P" and "post P". From the point of view of the connotation, meaning and accessibility of noun P, this paper puts forward the mechanism of forming and understanding this kind of sentence pattern. This paper distinguishes the two kinds of sentence patterns of connotation meaning and rational meaning of "Q" table, and puts forward that "Q" if the rational meaning is not the same sentence pattern from a narrow sense point of view. In chapter 4, the turning point sentence of "P is P, Q" is studied in the framework of response sentence. It is proposed that there is a positive and negative relativity between "P is P" and "Q", and it is proposed that this kind of sentence pattern accords with the "trigger-response" model and has polite utility. At the same time, two problems about this kind of sentence pattern can not be ignored, one is the cognitive difference of positive and negative relativity, the other is the devaluation of "post P" antecedent. The second problem is to solve the problem of defining the utility of classifiers in the same sentence in order to solve the problem of defining the utility of classifiers in the same sentence. Combined with the analysis of the full text, it is proposed that classifiers have the function of devaluation. Chapter 5 analyzes the legitimacy restriction of adverbs to the same sentence in chapter 1, and through the transformation of example sentences, we have a further understanding of the legal nature of adverbs before "yes". On this basis, we analyze the inclusive mechanism and utility of adverbs, and point out that some adverbs can be included because these adverbs coincide with the semantics of sentences. At the same time, it is pointed out that the antecedent adverb is a grammaticalization means to highlight the same sentence to express the speaker's point of view. Finally, this paper summarizes the full text, mainly summarizes the focus and innovation of this paper, and points out the problems that can not be solved in this paper, only puts forward the author's preliminary understanding, to be detailed in the other article.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146.3
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