《五灯会元》并列式复音词研究
发布时间：2019-06-07 12:51
【摘要】：《五灯会元》是南宋末年编定的一部非常重要的禅宗史书,流传至今,影响深远。不仅是因为书中内容反映了南宋社会面貌,更是因为其语言口语性强,通俗易懂,“不尚浮华,唯要务实,直须似三家村里纳税汉及婴儿相似”。这样的语言首先反映在词汇上。其中并列式复音词本文对《五灯会元》中并列式复音词加以考察,发现：从并列复音词的构成看,实词中动词居多,名词次之,形容词较少,数词稀少,代词罕见；虚词中副词居多,连词次之,介词偶见。这说明动词性、副词性并列式复音词在南宋时有了明显的发展。另外,同义并列所占比例最大,其次是类义并列、反义并列最少。这主要是因为《五灯会元》中绝大多数的并列式复音词都是直承前代,上古、中古汉语中同义聚合体的成员最多,类义聚合体的部分成员到了宋代转化成为具有同义关系的聚合体,而反义聚合体的成员从上古到宋代都没有太大的变化,所占的比重最少。在并列复音词形成过程中,语义的作用最为重要,语音次之,语法作用不那么明显,而语用是其词化得以实现最终手段。《五灯会元》中并列复音词绝大部分因袭前代,极少部分来自本时代的创新。同时,随着社会的发展,《五灯会元》中一些并列复音词被淘汰出词汇系统,但大部分仍保留在现代汉语之中,这说明词汇系统发展具有渐变性和稳定性相统一的规律。
[Abstract]:Five Lantern Huiyuan is a very important Zen history book compiled at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, which has been handed down so far and has a profound influence. Not only because the content of the book reflects the social outlook of the Southern Song Dynasty, but also because its language is strong and easy to understand, "it is not flashy, but pragmatic, and it has to be similar to the taxpayers and babies in the three villages." Such a language is first reflected in vocabulary. Among them, this paper investigates the parallel polysyllabic words in "five Lantern Huiyuan", and finds that: from the composition of juxtaposed polysyllabic words, most verbs, nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns are rare in the real words. Adverbs are in the majority of function words, conjunctions are the second, prepositions are occasionally seen. This shows that verb and adverb parallel polysyllabic words have obvious development in the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, synonymous juxtaposition accounted for the largest proportion, followed by synonymous juxtaposition, and antisense juxtaposition was the least. This is mainly because the vast majority of parallel polysyllabic words in the "five Lantern Festival Yuan" are directly inherited from the previous generation. In ancient times, there were the most members of synonymous aggregates in medieval Chinese. Some members of sense-like polymers were transformed into synonymous polymers in Song Dynasty, while the members of antisense polymers did not change much from ancient times to Song Dynasty, accounting for the least proportion. In the process of the formation of juxtaposed polysyllabic words, semantics play the most important role, pronunciation is the second, grammatical function is not so obvious, and pragmatics is the final means to realize their lexicalization. Most of the juxtaposed polysyllabic words in "five Lantern Huiyuan" are inherited from the previous generations. Very few of them come from innovation of the times. At the same time, with the development of society, some juxtaposed polysyllabic words in the "five Lantern Huiyuan" have been eliminated from the lexical system, but most of them are still retained in modern Chinese, which indicates that the development of the lexical system has the law of gradual change and stability.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H131
本文编号：2494805
[Abstract]:Five Lantern Huiyuan is a very important Zen history book compiled at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, which has been handed down so far and has a profound influence. Not only because the content of the book reflects the social outlook of the Southern Song Dynasty, but also because its language is strong and easy to understand, "it is not flashy, but pragmatic, and it has to be similar to the taxpayers and babies in the three villages." Such a language is first reflected in vocabulary. Among them, this paper investigates the parallel polysyllabic words in "five Lantern Huiyuan", and finds that: from the composition of juxtaposed polysyllabic words, most verbs, nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns are rare in the real words. Adverbs are in the majority of function words, conjunctions are the second, prepositions are occasionally seen. This shows that verb and adverb parallel polysyllabic words have obvious development in the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, synonymous juxtaposition accounted for the largest proportion, followed by synonymous juxtaposition, and antisense juxtaposition was the least. This is mainly because the vast majority of parallel polysyllabic words in the "five Lantern Festival Yuan" are directly inherited from the previous generation. In ancient times, there were the most members of synonymous aggregates in medieval Chinese. Some members of sense-like polymers were transformed into synonymous polymers in Song Dynasty, while the members of antisense polymers did not change much from ancient times to Song Dynasty, accounting for the least proportion. In the process of the formation of juxtaposed polysyllabic words, semantics play the most important role, pronunciation is the second, grammatical function is not so obvious, and pragmatics is the final means to realize their lexicalization. Most of the juxtaposed polysyllabic words in "five Lantern Huiyuan" are inherited from the previous generations. Very few of them come from innovation of the times. At the same time, with the development of society, some juxtaposed polysyllabic words in the "five Lantern Huiyuan" have been eliminated from the lexical system, but most of them are still retained in modern Chinese, which indicates that the development of the lexical system has the law of gradual change and stability.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H131
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