认知语境框架下的书面语篇分析

发布时间：2022-08-04 13:27

　　语境作为语用学的重要概念之一,已长期被应用于语言研究的各个领域。不少学者为它的发展作出了重要贡献。传统语境观注重外部因素的作用,认为语境是一种静止的实体,它先于交际而存在于人的大脑之中。随着认知科学的发展,人们逐渐开始尝试从心理活动的角度对语境进行解释。1986年斯珀伯与威尔森在《交际性:关联与认知》一书中提出了以关联理论为基础的认知语境概念,为语境研究开辟了新的思路。本文运用认知语境理论对书面语篇的生成和理解进行分析。交际是依赖语境而存在的一种动态活动,书面语篇作为作者与读者在书面交际中信息传输的媒体应该从动态的角度进行分析。认知语境观将语境视为一种动态的心理结构体,由储存于人脑的一系列假设构成。交际双方在交际过程中把交际内容与认知语境相结合,不断选择构建语境假设直至交际的顺利完成。在书面交际中,书面语篇的生成受到作者心理图式、写作目的、对读者认知语境的预测等因素的影响;书面语篇的理解即读者的认知语境重构过程。然而认知语境内容复杂,交际者如何选择构建恰当的语境假设呢?斯珀伯与威尔森提出了关联原则和明示-推理交际的概念。在他们看来,交际是一个明示-推理的过程。发话者发出明示刺激,接收者... 

【文章页数】：74 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 Purpose and Significance
    1.2 The Structure of the Thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 A Brief Review on Context
        2.1.1 Researches on Traditional Context
            2.1.1.1 Researches Abroad
            2.1.1.2 Researches in China
        2.1.2 Researches on Cognitive Context
        2.1.3 Structurization of Cognitive Context
    2.2 Traditional Context and Cognitive Context
    2.3 A Brief Review on Discourse
        2.3.1 What is Written Discourse
        2.3.2 Features of Written Discourse
        2.3.3 Researches on Discourse
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
    3.1 Relevance Theory
        3.1.1 Description of Relevance Theory
        3.1.2 Principle of Relevance Theory
    3.2 Cognitive Context and Relevance Theory
    3.3 Cognitive Context and Ostensive-Inference Communication
Chapter Four Cognitive Context and Written Discourse Production
    4.1 Relevance theory and Written Discourse Production
    4.2 Writer’s Cognitive Context and Written Discourse Production
        4.2.1 Writer’s Mental Schema and Written Style
        4.2.2 Writer’s Cultural Schema and Written Order
        4.2.3 Writer’s Cognitive Context and Lexical Selection
    4.3 Reader’s Cognitive Context and Written Discourse Production
        4.3.1 Writer’s Estimation of Reader’s Cognitive Context
        4.3.2 Reader’s Expectation and Written Discourse Production
    4.4 Writer’s Intention and Written Discourse Production
Chapter Five Cognitive Context and Written Discourse Comprehension
    5.1 Written Discourse Comprehension
        5.1.1 The Communication between Reader and Written Discourse
        5.1.2 The Cognitive Context’s Role in Written Discourse Comprehension
        5.1.3 Principles for Written Discourse Comprehension
    5.2 A Comparison between Traditional Context and Cognitive Context in Comprehension
    5.3 The Selection of Cognitive Context in Written Discourse Comprehension
        5.3.1 Writer’s Restriction to Reader’s Cognitive Context Selection
        5.3.2 Reader’s Cognitive Environment to Cognitive Context Selection
    5.4 The Construction of Cognitive Context in Written Discourse Comprehension
        5.4.1 Mutual-Manifest to Cognitive Context Construction
        5.4.2 The Construction of Encyclopedic Entries
        5.4.3 Written Discourse Resource to Cognitive Context Construction
Chapter Six Conclusion
Bibliography
Acknowledgement
Academic Achievements



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