从类型学视角看汉语形容词谓语句的信息结构

发布时间：2018-01-12 22:12

本文关键词：从类型学视角看汉语形容词谓语句的信息结构　出处：《中国语文》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：根据信息结构分析,形容词谓语句通常是谓语焦点句,即"话题-陈述句"。在"话题-陈述句"中,主语信息量较小,是已被激活的实体,相反,谓语部分信息量较大,能够充当焦点。因此,谓语为了能传达更多信息一般会加程度副词。"话题-陈述句"中的副词"很"几乎丧失了作为强化词的功能,并逐渐语法化成为一个标志谓语焦点的标记。如果形容词谓语句不是"话题-陈述"结构,它可以是两种焦点结构之一,即句子焦点结构或论元焦点结构。这两种焦点结构都是有标记的,不仅韵律上需要把重音移到句首,也要求光杆形容词单独充当谓语。
[Abstract]:According to the analysis of information structure, adjective predicate is usually a predicate focus sentence, that is, "topic-declarative sentence". In Topic-declarative sentence, the subject information is small and it is the activated entity, on the contrary. Therefore, in order to convey more information, the predicate usually adds the degree adverb. The adverb in the Topic-declarative sentence has almost lost its function as an intensifier. If the adjective predicate statement is not a topic-statement structure, it can be one of the two focus structures. That is, the sentence focus structure or argument focus structure, both of which are marked, not only need to move the stress to the beginning of the sentence in rhythm, but also require the naked adjectives to act as predicates alone.
【作者单位】：国立首尔大学中文系;
【分类号】：H146.3
【正文快照】： 1.引言从语言类型学的角度来看,汉语是具有动词性形容词(verby adjective)的语言。(1)动词性形容词像动词一样,充当谓语是其最典型的用法。以往的研究在说明汉语形容词谓语的特征时,常见的说法是一般受“很”的修饰,不常用光杆形容词(bare adjective)作谓语,如果光杆形容词

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