汉语配偶称谓的语义及文化内涵探析

发布时间：2018-01-21 06:39

  本文关键词： 配偶称谓 生成方式 交际原则 婚姻观念　出处：《南京师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：配偶称谓反映了说话者的社会地位和身份,其发展变化也反映出中华民族社会制度、伦理道德和价值观念的变迁。本文以配偶称谓作为研究对象,探讨了“夫”义、“妻”义、“妾”义称谓的阶段性特征,在此基础上探讨了配偶称谓的生成力‘式、交际原则和传统婚姻观念及制度对其形成发展的影响。本文以汉语词汇的历史发展为依据分古代汉语、近代汉语和现代汉语三个阶段对配偶称谓的具体特征进行了分析。古代汉语配偶称谓系统呈现出内外职能有别、等级区分明显、爱称开始出现、单音节逐渐向复音节转化的特点：近代汉语配偶称谓系统出现了大量新称谓,并且呈现出明显的感情色彩差异；现代汉语阶段早期系统保留了少量传统称谓,后期出现了旧词新用现象和新的称谓方式。对配偶称谓的生成方式进行分析是准确把握其词义形成和发展演变的基础。配偶称谓系统中基本词的确定,复音词的形成,以及词义的发展变化都受到语言自身发展的规律性和社会历史因素的共同制约。语言因素和社会历史因素分别构成配偶称谓系统发展演变和最终形成的内外因。传统婚姻观念及制度对配偶称谓的形成演变具有深远影响。“一夫一妻”制对“嫡妻”义称谓的形成、“后妃媵妾”制对“妾”义称谓的形成均具有重要影响：本文还探讨了“已婚”、“离婚”、“续婚”和“亡故”状态下配偶称谓的变化,强调了婚姻观念、制度以及相关婚姻习俗对不同婚姻状态中配偶称谓的制约作用。称谓是人际交往的第一步,本文也探讨了传统文化背景下配偶称谓的交际原则,即等差、情感和敬谦原则。古代汉语中受宗法制影响而形成的等差原则是支配配偶称谓使用的首要原则,情感性原则表现则比较含蓄；现代社会配偶称谓中情感性原则的体现明显强化,等差性则隐没不显甚至消失；敬谦原则主要表现为“敬人谦己”的中国式礼貌,但古今有所不同。等差、情感和敬谦三大原则在交际中存在辩证关系,相互影响和制约,共同支配人们进行称谓选择。配偶称谓承载着丰富的文化内涵,本文将语言和文化研究相结合,勾勒出配偶称谓从古至今的发展历程,由此可以增强人们对配偶称谓形成演变过程中语言和文化互动关系的理性认识。
[Abstract]:The spouse appellation reflects the speaker's social status and identity, its development also reflects the Chinese social system, ethics and values change. Based on spouse appellation as the research object, discusses the meaning of "husband", "wife", "stage of Concubine" title on the basis of righteousness, to explore the formation of "spouse appellation type, communication principle and the traditional concept of marriage and its influence on the formation and development of the system. Based on the historical development of Chinese vocabulary on the basis of the specific features: Ancient Chinese, modern Chinese and modern Chinese three stages of spouse appellation are analyzed. The ancient Chinese Spouse appellation system presents inside and outside the functions are different, the grade obvious nickname began to appear, the single syllable gradually to complex syllable features: Transformation of modern Chinese Spouse appellation system appeared a lot of new titles, and presents the obvious Emotional differences; early period of modern Chinese retain little traditional appellation, later of old words with new phenomena and new ways of addressing. Generation on the spouse name analysis is to accurately grasp its meaning and form the basis for the development of the evolution of the basic words. To determine the spouse appellation system, the formation of polysyllabic words, and the meaning of the development and changes are subject to the common restriction of law and social and historical factors in the development of the language itself. The language factor and the social and historical factors constitute the spouse appellation system evolution and formation of the internal and external causes. The traditional marriage concept and system on the formation of spouse name evolution has a far-reaching influence. "Monogamy" was on "the legal meaning of the title," empress Concubine "of" Concubine "meaning of appellation has important influence, this paper also discussed the" married "," divorce"," Continued marriage "and" death "under the condition of varying the spouse appellation, emphasizes the concept of marriage, restriction system and marriage customs of different marital status in the spouse appellation. The title is the first step of interpersonal communication, this paper also discusses the principle of communication, traditional culture under the background of the spouse appellation arithmetic, emotional and Jingqian the principle of the principle of grade. In ancient Chinese by the patriarchal influence the formation is the primary principle governing spouse name use, emotional principles are more subtle; modern society reflects the principle of spouse name affective enhancement arithmetic is not hidden or even disappear; Jingqian principle mainly for" respecting others and dispraising oneself "Chinese manners, but different. The ancient and modern Jingqian and emotional arithmetic, the three principles are the dialectical relationship in communication, interaction and restriction, common people. With the dominant appellation Even appellation carries rich cultural connotations. This paper combines language and cultural studies to outline the development process of spousal titles from ancient times to the present, which can enhance people's rational understanding of the interactive relationship between language and culture in the process of formation and evolution of spouses.

【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H136
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本文编号：1450749