发现异质语言的世界——再读鲁迅的翻译观

发布时间：2018-02-03 00:36

本文关键词： 鲁迅硬译异质语言的言说(heterolingual address) 国民性翻译　出处：《东岳论丛》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：鲁迅对“硬译”的解释,通常被认为是跟他对中国现代性(启蒙)的规划有关。然而,本文却尝试探讨解释“硬译”的新的可能性。这首先要探讨鲁迅对《中国人的性格》一书的态度。尽管他十分关注该书,但却没有对其做出翻译,而是采取了一种延宕姿态,笔者认为这是因为他意识到了书中所蕴含的国民性话语的缺陷。他怀疑以透明性(transparent)、同质性(homogeneous)为前提的国民性话语。《阿Q正传》不仅描写了典型的中国国民性,更描写了一种不能以国民性话语概括的异质性(heterolingual)的主体。在鲁迅的写作根底里所具有的对所谓“中国语”的异质性的认识,即知识分子语言和大众语之间存在差异,这种差异甚至导致了双方在传达上的困境。鲁迅的写作与假定中国语具有同质性的普遍认识无关,而是跟酒井直树所说的“异质语言的言说”(heterolingual address)酷似。鲁迅的“硬译”要求读者诉诸积极的读书行为,因为中国语本身是异质性的,想要达成毫厘不爽的认识并不可能。鲁迅批判“学衡派”和“大众化”论者,是因为他们都缺失对语言异质性的认识,而是将之理所当然地想象成一种同质性的“民族语言”。总之,我们可以将“硬译”理解为一种异质语言的言说实践,并且不能以所谓的现代性话语加以概括。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun's interpretation of "hard translation" is usually considered to be related to his plan for Chinese modernity (enlightenment). This paper attempts to explore the new possibility of interpreting hard translation. This first discusses Lu Xun's attitude to the book "Chinese character". Although he pays great attention to the book, he does not translate it. Instead, he took a delaying stance, which I think was because he realized the defects of the national discourse contained in the book. He doubted transparency. Homogeneity and homogeneous.A True Story of A Q not only describes the typical Chinese national character. It also describes a kind of heterogeneity which can not be generalized by the national discourse, and the understanding of the heterogeneity of the so-called "Chinese language" in the foundation of Lu Xun's writing. That is, there is a difference between the intellectual language and the popular language, which even leads to the communication dilemma between the two sides. Lu Xun's writing has nothing to do with the general understanding that the Chinese language is assumed to be homogenous. It is similar to the "heterogeneous language" spoken by Shizuki Sakai. Lu Xun's "hard translation" requires readers to resort to active reading behavior. Because the Chinese language itself is heterogeneity, it is impossible to reach an unflattering understanding. Lu Xun criticized the "Xueheng School" and "Popularization" because they all lack the understanding of language heterogeneity. In a word, "hard translation" can be understood as the practice of a heterogeneous language, and can not be summed up in the so-called modern discourse.
【作者单位】：韩国国立江原大学中文系;
【分类号】：I210.96
【正文快照】： 一、序言:鲁迅作为翻译家的困境如今,除了日记和书信,《鲁迅全集》的韩文版全部都已经出版了。自1920年代末《狂人日记》和《阿Q正传》首次翻译成韩文以来,鲁迅在韩国的传播介绍已将近百年了。韩国读者如何接受鲁迅,不能一言以蔽。瞩目鲁迅的既有殖民时期的诗人李陆史和越北

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