从早期北京话材料看虚词“了”的读音变化

发布时间：2018-03-11 02:14

本文选题：早期北京话　切入点：语音弱化　出处：《中国语文》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：学界对"了"和"啦"的关系有合音说、弱化说和强化变韵说等不同观点。考察清中叶至民国时期北京话材料,可以看到北京话中的虚词"了"经历了语音弱化过程的四个阶段:liao→lo→la→l沆。从第一阶段到第三阶段"了_2"比"了_1"发展快,从第三阶段到第四阶段则是"了_1"比"了_2"发展快。"了"读音变化的不同阶段,有"咯""Up""喇""啦"等不同写法。北京话轻声造成的语音弱化,常发生韵母的a化现象。"了"音变的不同阶段的读音可以在同一时期并存,并出现不太严格的分工。"啦"同"咯"一样,只是"了"语音弱化的中间阶段的语音形式。跨方言的考察发现,"了"的语音变化呈现出有i介音韵母和无i介音韵母两种类型的四个阶段,两种类型之间具有平行性。早期北京话"了"的不同语音形式,在其他方言中都能找到同类、同阶段的形式。
[Abstract]:Scholars have different views on the relationship between "er" and "La", such as weakening theory and strengthening rhyme theory. The materials of Beijing dialect from the middle period of Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China are examined. It can be seen that the function word "has" experienced four stages: Li ao in Beijing dialect. 鈫扡o. 鈫扡a. 鈫扚rom the first stage to the third stage, the development of "tip2" was faster than that of "tip1", and from the third stage to the stage of 4th it was the different stages of the development of the pronunciations of the "speech 1" and the "speech 2". There are different ways of writing, such as "Rao", "up", "La" and so on. The phonetic weakening of Beijing dialect caused by soft voice often occurs the "a" phenomenon of vowels. "the pronunciation of different stages of phonetic change can coexist in the same period." And there is a less strict division of labor. "La" is the same as "Row". It is only the phonetic form of the intermediate stage of the weakening of the phonetic. The investigation of the cross-dialect shows that the phonetic change of the phonetics shows four stages, that is, the vowel of I and the vowel without the vowel of I. There is parallelism between the two types. Different phonetic forms of the early Beijing dialect can be found in other dialects.
【作者单位】：北京大学中文系;四川师范大学文学院;北京对外经济贸易大学中文学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科重大项目“清末民初北京话系统研究”(11JJD740006)的资助
【分类号】：H114

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