评价理论视角下医疗纠纷中文新闻报道的分析

发布时间：2018-03-20 20:38

本文选题：医疗纠纷中文新闻报道　切入点：评价理论　出处：《兰州交通大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新闻报道在人们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。我们可以从新闻报道中了解国内外发生的重大事件和热点话题。近年来,各种医疗纠纷层出不穷,已成为国内的社会热点事件之一,并引起了人们的高度重视。新闻语篇分析是语言学研究的一个重要领域。最初对新闻语篇研究是从文体学角度和社会文化角度进行的(e.g.Crystal and Davy,1969;王佐良,1987;侯维锐,1988;etc.)。语篇分析的出现为新闻语篇的研究提供了一个新的视角。1979年,Fowler在《语言与控制》一书中首次提出了“批评话语分析”这一术语。自此,许多学者(e.g.Fowler,1991;Van Dijk,1998;辛斌,1998;etc.)开始从“批评话语分析”角度研究新闻语篇。20世纪60年代,韩礼德(1985,1994)提出了系统功能语言学,为语篇分析提供了多层次、多功能的理论框架。系统功能语言学认为人际功能是通过语气、情态和情态副词实现的。然而,系统功能语言学没有解决语言是如何表达作者或读者观点的问题。2000年,马丁发现了这一不足,并提出了评价理论,从而进一步发展了系统功能语言学。评价理论由态度、介入和级差三个子系统构成。自评价理论确立以来,被国内外许多学者用来分析各种类型语篇(e.g.Iedema,Feez and White,1994;White,1998;Korner,2000;Coffin,2002;Hood,2004;王振华,2004;陈晓燕,2007;刘悦明,2012;布占廷,2013;etc.)。然而,很少学者研究中文新闻语篇。本文从评价理论角度分析医疗纠纷中文新闻报道。本研究采用分层随机抽样方法从2012年到2014年国内报纸中,选取十五篇医疗纠纷中文新闻报道作为分析语料,采用UAM Corpus Tool 3.2和Excel 2007两种分析工具,定量和定性相结合的研究方法,旨在探明态度、介入和级差资源在医疗纠纷中文新闻报道中是如何实现和分布的,并解释分布的原因。通过分析,主要发现如下:第一,在医疗纠纷中文新闻报道中,态度资源使用较少,占4.9%。态度系统中,情感,判断和鉴赏这三个子范畴属于主观性评价范畴,从而体现了医疗纠纷中文新闻报道的客观性。第二,在医疗纠纷中文新闻报道中,介入资源使用最多,占评价资源的86.5%。在多声子范畴中,对话紧缩资源多于对话扩展资源。在对话紧缩资源中,新闻记者倾向于使用否认资源压制其他声音的对话空间,以凸显观点的可信度。新闻记者使用公告资源以呈现个人主张的正当性,压制或排除可能的观点。对话扩展资源中,归属资源的数量多于接纳资源。归属资源中,新闻记者通过使用承认资源引入其他权威人士的观点,从而使新闻报道更真实、可信。新闻记者使用接纳资源拉近与读者的距离,以使其观点更易于被读者接受。第三,级差资源在医疗纠纷中文新闻报道中仅占8.6%。通过分析,语势资源多于聚焦资源。新闻记者使用语势资源构筑价值立场并最大化地使读者接受他们的观点。新闻记者使用强势词汇加强他们的积极态度,使用模糊性词汇削弱他们的消极态度。本研究证明了用评价理论分析中文语篇的可行性,扩大了评价理论的研究范围,为中文语篇研究提供了一个新视角。评价理论的运用为新闻从业人员撰写新闻报道提供恰当的评价策略。而作为读者,应该从批判性阅读角度正确解读医疗纠纷新闻报道,发掘隐藏在新闻记者观点、态度背后的真实新闻信息,从而提高评判意识。本文由六章构成。第一章简述了本论文的研究背景、研究目的及意义和论文的框架结构。第二章是文献综述部分。作者对国内外评价理论的相关研究与新闻语篇的相关研究进行了回顾。第三章概述了本文的理论框架。评价理论由态度、介入和级差三个子系统构成。第四章是本文的研究方法,包括研究问题、研究工具、数据收集和分析步骤。第五章是分析结果与讨论。作者运用评价理论的三个子系统对医疗纠纷中文新闻报道进行了分析,并总结出医疗纠纷中文新闻报道中评价资源的分布与特征。第六章总结了本文的主要发现、启示,指出本文研究的局限性,并为未来研究提供了一些建议。
[Abstract]:The news is playing an increasingly important role in people's daily life. We can understand the topic of major events happening at home and abroad and hot from the press. In recent years, the medical disputes emerge in an endless stream, has become one of the hot social events in China, and attracted the attention of people. News discourse analysis is a an important field of linguistic study. The first is social and cultural perspective from the perspective of stylistics of news discourse research (e.g.Crystal and Davy, 1969; Wang Zuoliang, 1987; Hou Weirui, 1988; etc.). Discourse analysis for study of news discourse provides a new perspective in.1979, Fowler < > language and control a book first proposed the "critical discourse analysis" of the term. Since then, many scholars (e.g.Fowler, 1991; Van Dijk, 1998; Xin Bin, 1998; etc.) from the beginning of "critical discourse analysis perspective. The news discourse.20 century 60s, Hallidy (19851994) put forward the systemic functional linguistics provides a multi-level theoretical framework for discourse analysis, multi function. According to systemic functional linguistics, the interpersonal function is realized by mood, modality and modal adverbs. However, systemic functional linguistics does not solve the language is how to express the author or reader a point of.2000 years, Martin discovered the problem, and puts forward the evaluation theory, so as to further development of the systemic functional linguistics. The appraisal theory consists of attitude, engagement and graduation constitute three subsystems. Self evaluation theory since the establishment of various types of discourse analysis by many scholars at home and abroad for (e.g.Iedema, Feez and White. 1994; White, 1998; Korner, 2000; Coffin, 2002; Hood, 2004; Wang Zhenhua, 2004; Chen Xiaoyan, 2007; Liu Yueming, 2012; 2013 etc.); Zhan Ting Bu,. However, few scholars study the Chinese news Discourse. This paper analysis the medical dispute Chinese news reports from the perspective of appraisal theory. This study used stratified random sampling method from 2012 to 2014 domestic newspapers, a total of fifteen medical disputes Chinese news reports as the data for analysis, using UAM Corpus Tool 3.2 and Excel 2007 two kinds of analysis tools, quantitative and qualitative research methods. In order to find out how to realize the attitude, engagement and graduation resources and the distribution of Chinese medical disputes in the news reports, and explain the reason for the distribution. Through the analysis, the main findings are as follows: first, in the medical dispute Chinese news reports, using less emotional attitude resources, accounting for 4.9%. system, attitude, judgment and appreciation of the three sub belongs to the category of subjective evaluation category, which reflects the objectivity of news reports Chinese medical disputes. In second, the medical dispute Chinese news reports, involved in the use of resources The most, accounted for assessment of the resources of 86.5%. in multi phonon field, dialogic contraction resources is higher than the dialogic expansion resources. In the dialogic contraction resources, journalists tend to deny resources to suppress other voices in dialogue space, to highlight the credibility of the view. Journalists use the announcement to show individual claims legitimacy resources, suppress or exclude the possibility of the point of view. The dialogic expansion resources, ownership of resources than the number of accepted resources. Ownership of resources, journalists admitted through the use of resources into other authorities, so as to make news reports more real and credible. Journalists use accepted resources close to readers, to make their views more easily accepted by readers. Third, Chinese graduation resources of medical disputes in the news reports only 8.6%. through the analysis of language resources than focusing resources. Journalists use language resources to build price The value of the position and to maximize the readers to accept their views. Journalists use strong words to strengthen their positive attitude, using fuzzy words weaken their negative attitude. This study proved the feasibility analysis Chinese discourse evaluation theory, expanded the scope of the study of appraisal theory, provides a new perspective for Chinese study on discourse. Using the evaluation theory for the journalists to write news reports provide the appropriate evaluation method. As a reader, you should read the point of correct interpretation of medical disputes news reports from critical, discover the hidden in news reporters view, attitude of the truth behind the news and information, so as to improve awareness. This thesis consists of six chapters. The chapter introduces the research background, purpose and significance of the research and the framework of the thesis. The second chapter is literature review. The evaluation of domestic and foreign theory Related studies and news discourse are reviewed. The third chapter outlines the theoretical framework of this paper. The appraisal theory consists of attitude, engagement and graduation consists of three subsystems. The fourth chapter is the research methodology, including research questions, research tools, data collection and analysis steps. The fifth chapter is the analysis of results and discussion the author uses. The three subsystems of appraisal theory to analyze the medical dispute Chinese news reports, and summarizes the distribution and characteristics of resource evaluation of medical disputes Chinese news reports. The sixth chapter summarizes the main findings and implications of this thesis, points out the limitations of this study, and provides some suggestions for future research.

【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H15

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