当代汉语数字缩略语研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 17:59

本文选题：当代数字缩略语　切入点：特点　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在当代汉语词的汇研究中,缩略语研究成果颇丰。作为汉语缩略语的一种类型——数字缩略语——是一个非常有价值的研究课题,但是目前为止,学者对数字缩略语的关注度不够,所作的专门研究也不够充分和完善。本文以当代数字缩略语为研究对象,在吸收和借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,广泛搜集语料,从历时和共时的层面出发,运用描写和解释、对比分析、理论和实际语料相结合的研究方法,从特点、原式与缩略形式的关联、生成动因、语用和规范等角度进行探讨。当代数字缩略语是缩略语中常见的一种形式,它抽取词(或短语、句子)中相同的语素或语义成分,并加上数词构成一种新形式,被提取的一串词的各项的结构相同或相似、意义相关或相近。从共时层面看,当代数字缩略语的音节、结构各有特点:在音节上主要表现出双音节型、三音节型、四音节型居多的特点;在结构上主要包括偏正式、并列式和主谓式。通过对比分析发现,当代数字缩略语通过缩略产生的新形式与原式之间有密切的关联,主要在结构、语义功能方面产生关联。在结构方面,有些当代数字缩略语与原式结构关系发生变化,具有不对应性。在语义功能方面,当代数字缩略语与原式在概念意义上可以相互替代,但是在句法功能方面则不具备守恒性,还有部分当代数字缩略语出现了词化现象。当代数字缩略语的产生与发展有内部和外部两个原因,它既有语言经济原则和效度原则、转喻认知、汉语音节发展规律的约束等内因驱动;又有社会环境的变化、汉民族数词文化等外因影响。当代数字缩略语有很高的语用价值,它的使用范围具有层级性,且对语境具有一定的依赖性,还具有特定的语用修辞功能等。当代数字缩略规范要坚持简约明了、语境限制和非歧义三条原则。在语用实践过程中,对一些当代数字缩略语应该加以必要的引导与规范。
[Abstract]:In the study of contemporary Chinese acronyms, the study of abbreviations is very fruitful. As a type of Chinese acronyms, digital acronyms are a very valuable research topic, but so far, scholars have not paid enough attention to digital acronyms. This paper takes the contemporary digital acronyms as the object of study, on the basis of absorbing and drawing on the previous research achievements, collects the language data extensively, starts from the diachronic and synchronic level, uses description and explanation. The comparative analysis, the research method of combining theory with practical corpus, from the characteristics, the relation between the original form and the form of acronym, the cause of formation, the pragmatics and the norm, etc., is a common form of acronyms in modern times. It extracts the same morpheme or semantic component of a word (or phrase, sentence) and adds numerals to form a new form in which each item of the extracted string of words has the same or similar structure, meaning related or similar. The syllables of contemporary digital acronyms have their own characteristics: in syllables, they are mainly characterized by two syllables, three syllables and four syllables, and the structure mainly includes partial formality, juxtaposition and subject-predicate. There is a close relationship between modern digital acronyms and their original forms, mainly in the aspects of structure and semantic function. In terms of structure, some contemporary digital acronyms have changed with the original structure. In terms of semantic functions, contemporary digital acronyms and primitives can be replaced in conceptual sense, but not conserved in syntactic functions. The emergence and development of contemporary digital acronyms are due to both internal and external reasons, which include the principles of language economy and validity, metonymy cognition, and so on. Chinese syllables are driven by internal factors, such as the restriction of the rules of Chinese syllable development, the change of social environment, the influence of the Chinese national numerals culture and other external factors. The contemporary digital acronyms have high pragmatic value and their scope of use is hierarchical. Moreover, it has certain dependence on context, as well as specific pragmatic rhetorical functions, etc. In the process of pragmatic practice, we should adhere to the three principles of simplicity, contextual limitation and non-ambiguity in contemporary digital acronyms. Some contemporary digital acronyms should be guided and standardized.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136.6

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