哈萨克斯坦留学生汉语一级元音习得声学分析

发布时间：2018-03-26 18:07

本文选题：哈萨克斯坦　切入点：留学生　出处：《伊犁师范学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：语音教学是汉语作为第二语言教学的最重要内容之一,又是汉语教学的难点之一。而一级元音的学习是语音学习的基石,更是通往汉语更高阶段学习的重要保障。一级元音是组成高层级元音的基础,其习得的正确与否,会影响到其他层级元音的习得,进而影响到整个语音习得的质量。一级元音的教学属于语音的教学,语音看不见、摸不着,而且稍纵即逝,与汉字、词汇、语法和写作等教学大相径庭。以往对一级元音的教学大都采用机械式重复训练,对学生发音的准确性也大多是采用听辨的方式来主观判断,缺乏科学实验依据的支撑。因此,我们必须充分认识到一级元音教学的特点和存在的问题,采用实验语言学的手段来研究一级元音的习得已是当今语言学研究的一种新潮流。本文以语音格局理论、偏误分析理论和中介语理论为理论基础,运用南开大学开发的“Mini-Speech-Lab”软件,对14名哈萨克斯坦留学生汉语一级元音习得时的发音进行了实验上的声学分析,通过将汉语、学生母语、学生习得汉语的一级元音在共振峰和V值上的对比,发现学生习得汉语一级元音时的偏误表现,从而分析产生偏误的原因,以期对汉语作为第二语言的一级元音教学有所裨益。本文共分为七部分:第一部分为绪论,介绍了研究背景及其意义、理论基础、研究方法及实验的设计,概述了汉语一级元音研究现状;第二部分用实验的手段,主要从元音声位图和元音格局图两方面对哈萨克斯坦留学生汉语一级元音的发音进行了声学分析;第三部分对汉语和学生的汉语一级元音进行了对比,主要分析了它们在共振峰和V值上的不同;第四部分为留学生母语一级元音发音的声学分析,着重通过哈萨克语一级元音的语音声位图和元音格局图来进行剖析的;第五部分比较了学生所发的汉语和哈萨克语一级元音在发音方面的声学特征;第六部分阐述了学生在习得汉语一级元音时发音的偏误表现及其原因,并进一步提出了相应的教学建议;第七部分为文章的结语部分,通过本文对哈萨克斯坦留学生汉语一级元音发音习得的声学分析,发现了留学生的一些偏误,并进一步提出了相应的教学建议,是对本研究主要内容和研究创新及不足之处的总结。
[Abstract]:Phonetic teaching is one of the most important contents of Chinese as a second language teaching, and it is also one of the difficulties in Chinese teaching. The first level vowel is the foundation of the high-level vowels, and the correct acquisition of the vowels will affect the acquisition of other levels of vowels. Thus affecting the quality of the whole phonetic acquisition. The teaching of first level vowels belongs to the teaching of phonetics, which cannot be seen or touched, and is fleeting, with Chinese characters and vocabulary, The teaching of grammar and writing is quite different. In the past, the teaching of vowels of the first class mostly used mechanical repeated training, and the accuracy of students' pronunciation was mostly judged by the way of listening, which lacked the support of scientific experimental basis. We must fully realize the characteristics and problems in the teaching of primary vowels. It is a new trend to study the acquisition of primary vowels by means of experimental linguistics. Based on the theory of error analysis and interlanguage theory, using the software "Mini-Speech-Lab" developed by Nankai University, this paper makes an experimental acoustic analysis on the pronunciation of 14 Kazakh foreign students in the acquisition of Chinese vowels. The comparison between the resonance peak and V value of the primary vowels in the acquisition of Chinese by students, and the finding of errors in the acquisition of the vowels in Chinese, and the analysis of the causes of the errors. This paper is divided into seven parts: the first part is the introduction, which introduces the research background and its significance, theoretical basis, research methods and experimental design. This paper summarizes the present situation of the study of Chinese first level vowels. The second part mainly analyzes the pronunciation of the first class vowels of Kazakh students from the aspects of vowel bitmap and vowel pattern map by means of experiments. The third part compares the Chinese vowels with that of the students, mainly analyzes their differences in the resonance peaks and V values, the fourth part is the acoustic analysis of the first level vowels pronunciation of the foreign students' mother tongue. The phonetic bitmap and vowel pattern map of the first level vowel in Kazakh language are emphatically analyzed. The fifth part compares the acoustic characteristics of the primary vowels in Chinese and Kazakh languages. The sixth part describes the students' pronunciation errors and their causes in the acquisition of Chinese vowels, and further puts forward the corresponding teaching suggestions; the seventh part is the conclusion of the article. Based on the acoustic analysis of the acquisition of Chinese vowel pronunciation in Kazakh students, some errors are found, and the corresponding teaching suggestions are put forward. Is the main content of this study and research innovation and shortcomings of the summary.
【学位授予单位】：伊犁师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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